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1 . Define time series. Describe moving average method.
2 . What do you mean by Primary & Secondary data. What are the methods to collect them ?
3 . What is a Hypothesis ? Write the procedure for testing a Hypothesis.
4 . What is the diffrence between census & sample survey. Write steps in sampling design.
5 . A biased coin is tossed 6 times. The probability of heads on any toss is 0.3. Let X denote the number of heads that come up. Calculate: (i) P(X = 3) (ii) P(1 < X ≤ 5) 6 . The number of calls coming per minute into a hotels reservation center is Poisson random variable with mean 3. Find the probability that no calls come in a given 1 minute period. 7 . The local ice cream shop keeps track of how much ice cream they sell versus the temperature on that day, here are their figures for the last 12 days: Ice Cream Sales vs Temperature Temperature °C Ice Cream Sales 14.2° $215 16.4° $325 11.9° $185 15.2° $332 18.5° $406 22.1° $522 19.4° $412 25.1° $614 23.4° $544 18.1° $421 22.6° $445 17.2° $408 Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between temperature & sales . 8 . A company is involved in the production of two items (X and Y). The resources need to produce X and Yare twofold, namely machine time for automatic processing and craftsman time for hand finishing. The table below gives the number of minutes required for each item: Machine time Craftsman time Item X 13 20 Item Y 19 29 The company has 40 hours of machine time available in the next working week but only 35 hours of craftsman time. Machine time is costed at £10 per hour worked and craftsman time is costed at £2 perhour worked. Both machine and craftsman idle times incur no costs. The revenue received for each item produced (all production is sold) is £20 for X and £30 for Y. The company has a specific contract to produce 10 items of X per week for a particular customer. Formulate the problem of deciding how much to produce per week as a linear program. Case Detail : The length of life of an instrument produced by a machine has a normal ditribution with a mean of 12 months and standard deviation of 2 months. Find the probability that an instrument produced by this machine will last 1. between 7 and 12 months. 2. less than 7 months. 3. more than 5 months but less than 10 months Question No. 1 The mean age of combined group of men and women is 25 years. If the mean age of group of men is 26 and that of group of women is 21, then percentage of men and women in the group respectively is: Options 60,40 80,20 30,70 50,50 Question No. 2 What is the weighted mean of first 10 natural numbers whose weights are equal to the corresponding number? Options 7 5,5 5 4,5 Question No. 3 Sum of mode and median of the data Options 26 31 28 41 Question No. 4 The mean of 9 observations is 16. One more observation is included and the new mean becomes 17. The 10th observation is Options 18 30 7 26 Question No. 5 Given third quartile is 80 & first quartile is 20 then semi-inter quartile range is Options 100 60 30 40 Question No. 6 Given third quartile is 100 & first quartile is 25 then coefficient of Quartile Deviation Options 6 75 0.6 125 Question No. 7 Given mean is 45 & standard deviation is 15 then coefficient of variation is Options 30 33.33 34 33 Question No. 8 Given, covariance of (x ,y )=10 variance of x =49,variance of y =100,correlation between x and y is Options 5/8 7/8 1/3 1/7 Question No. 9 Coefficient of non-determination is Options 1-r2 r2 -1 r2 1+ r2 Question No. 10 In binomial probability distribution, the dependents of standard deviations must includes Options probability of q probability of p Trials all options Question No. 11 The formula to calculate standardized normal random variable is Options x + μ ⁄ σ x - μ ⁄ σ x - σ ⁄ μ x + σ ⁄ μ Question No. 12 In binomial distribution, the formula of calculating standard deviation is Options square root of p square root of pq square root of npq square root of np Question No. 13 The tail or head, the one or zero and the girl and boy are examples of Options non functional events complementary events non complementary events functional events Question No. 14 The method of calculating skewness which is based on the positions of quartiles and median in a distribution is called Options Gary's coefficient of skewness Sharma's coefficient of skewness Bowley's coefficient of skewness Jack Karl's coefficient of skewness Question No. 15 The median of a moderately skewed distribution is 8, third quartile is 12, first quartile is 8 and inter-quartile range is 4 then relative coefficient of skewness is Options ±8 ±1 ±9 ±11 Question No. 16 The kurtosis defines the peakness of the curve in the region which is Options around the mode around the mean around the median around the variance Question No. 17 In measures of skewness, the absolute skewness is equal to Options mean+mode mean-mode mean+median mean-median Question No. 18 If for a distribution the difference of first quartile and median is less than difference of median and third quartile then the distribution is classified as Options negatively skewed not skewed at all absolute open ended positively skewed Question No. 19 The three times of difference between mean and median is divided by standard deviation to calculate coefficient of skewness by method of Options Professor Keller Professor Kelly Karl Pearson Professor Bowley Question No. 20 If the standard deviation of the population is 35 and the sample size is 9 then the standard deviation of sampling distribution is Options 12.67 11.67 13.67 14.67 Question No. 21 In statistical analysis, the sample size is considered large if Options n > or = 30
n < or = 30 n > or = 40
n < or = 50 Question No. 22 If the mean of population is 25 then the mean of sampling distribution is Options 50 25 30 20 Question No. 23 The standard deviation of a sampling distribution is also classified as Options standard error statistic error sampling error probability error Question No. 24 In sampling distribution, the formula of calculating standard deviation of sample proportion is as Options square root of pqn ⁄ p square root of pn ⁄ q square root of nq ⁄ p square root of pq ⁄ n Question No. 25 The numerical methods and graphical methods are specialized procedures used in Options social statistics education statistics descriptive statistics business statistics Question No. 26 The focus groups, individual respondents and panels of respondents are classified as Options pointed data sources itemized data sources secondary data sources primary data sources Question No. 27 The collection of all the elements such as group of variables for research is classified as Options statistical process population data marginal error Question No. 28 In linear programming, the constraints can be represented by Options equalities inequalities ratios both 1 and 2 Question No. 29 The feasible region's optimal solution for a linear objective function always includes Options downward point upward point corner point front point Question No. 30 The objective of linear programming for an objective function is to Options subset or proper set modeling maximize or minimize row or column modeling adjacent modeling Question No. 31 In linear programming, the objective function and objective constraints are Options quadratic solved linear adjacent Question No. 32 In maximization problem, the optimal solution occurring at the corner point yields the Options mean values of z mid values of z lowest value of z highest value of z Question No. 33 If the arithmetic mean is multiplied to coefficient of variation then the resulting value is classified as Options coefficient of deviation coefficient of mean standard deviation variance Question No. 34 The formula of coefficient of range is Options L+L ⁄ H+H H+l ⁄ H-L H-L ⁄ H+L H+H ⁄ L+L Question No. 35 Considering the standard deviation, the mean absolute deviation is equal to Options 5⁄4 σ 7⁄8 σ 5⁄8 σ 4⁄5 σ Question No. 36 The sum of highest and lowest value is 80 and the coefficient of range is 0.625 then the difference between highest and lowest value is Options 50 70 80 48 Question No. 37 The value of third quartile is 61 and inter quartile range of the set of observation is 48 then value of first quartile is Options 24 34 64 13 Question No. 38 Which is the best method to find trend Options free hand least square moving average semi average Question No. 39 Components of time series are Options T,S,C.I T,S.P.I T,C,S,P T,I,C.P Question No. 40 Regression lines intersect at Options mean values median mode correlation We Also Provide SYNOPSIS AND PROJECT. Contact www.kimsharma.co.in for best and lowest cost solution or Email: solvedstudymaterial@gmail.com Call: +91 82907-72200 (Call/WhatsApp) or +91 88003-52777 (WhatsApp Only)

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Corporate Accounting (VVN)
1 . Differenciate between Preliminary and Operatig Expenses?
2 . Compute the amount of gross profit and sales if opening stock is Rs. 60,000, Closing stock is Rs. 100,000, stock turnover is 8 times and goods are sold at a profit of 20% on sales.
3 . State the meaning and significance of following ratios:- (a). Investment-Coverage Ratio and (ii). Price-earning ratio
4 . The Debt-Equity ratio if a company is 1:2 which of the following transaction would incease decrease or not cahnge the ratio: (a). Purchaed fixed assets for Rs. 10,000 on long term deferred payment basis. (ii). Issued new equity shares ofd Rs. 50,000 and (iii). Paymsne of Rs. 20,000 of final dividend already declared.
5 . Take and imaginary figures and draw a Cash Flow Statement?
6 . Define the concept of Inernal Reconstruction and provide accounting treatmant for final settlement afer reconstruction?
7 . What are the stattutory books and statistical books required to be maintained by a company?
8 . Difference between Profit and Loss Account and Profit and Loss Appropriation Account?

Case Detail :
Canada based company PUDO announces that effective February 29, 2016 it has completed a vertical short form amalgamation (the “Amalgamation”) with its wholly-owned subsidiary My Courier Depot Inc. (“MCD”) in order to reduce internal administration and financial reporting costs. Pursuant to the Amalgamation, all of the issued and outstanding shares of MCD will be cancelled and the assets, obligations and liabilities of MCD will be assumed by PUDO. No securities of PUDO will be issued in connection with the Amalgamation and the share capital of PUDO will remain unchanged. The Amalgamation will not have any significant effect on the business and operations of PUDO.
About PUDO Inc.
PUDO is the last mile delivery solution for parcel pick-up and drop-off services, ensuring reliable and secure delivery where you want it, when you want it. Using easily-accessible PUDO Point™ locations such as convenience stores, gas stations and grocery stores with extended hours, PUDO members, participating e-commerce retail consumers, businesses and a home-based workforce can now pick-up their parcels anytime, including evenings and weekends. PUDO eliminates the frustration of missed deliveries and gives control over parcel pick-up and delivery back to its members. With user-friendly technology, free membership and thousands of PUDO Point™ locations across Canada and the U.S., PUDO is changing the parcel delivery model in North America. PUDO was named one of the top 20 most innovative public technology companies by the Canadian Innovation Exchange in 2015.
This press release contains forward-looking statements. The use of any of the words “anticipate”, “believe”, “expect”, “plan”, “intend”, “can”, “will”, “should”, and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained herein are based on certain key expectations and assumptions made by the Company, including but not limited to expectations and assumptions concerning the receipt of required regulatory approval. Although the Company believes that the expectations and assumptions on which the forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking statements because the Company can give no assurance that they will prove to be correct. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date hereof and the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements or information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless so required by applicable securities laws.
1. What the case is all about? Provie the brief summary?
2. Why no securities of PUDO will be issued in connection with the Amalgamation and the share capital of PUDO will remain unchanged. Comment?
3. What are your views about Press Release? How it looks as a forward-looking statement.

Question No. 1
Claim against a DEBTOR for an uncollected amount, generally from a completed transaction of sales or services rendered.

Options
Suspense
Arrears
Accounts receivables
A/cs Payables
Question No. 2
……………… is a concept of complete removal of an amount due.

Options
Depreciation
Abatement
Avoidance
Absorption
Question No. 3
Funds used by a not-for-profit organization to account for all resources used for the development of a landimprovement are …… projects funds.

Options
Capital
Non-accounted
Accounted
Miscellaneous
Question No. 4
Lease recorded as an asset acquisition accompanied by a corresponding liability by the lessee is ………… lease.

Options
Non-accounted
Accounted
Fixed
Capital
Question No. 5
Brokerage firm account whose transactions are settled on a cash basis belongs to ………. Account.

Options
Open
Cash
Current
Real
Question No. 6
Recording and reporting of financial transactions, including the origination of the transaction, its recognition, processing, and summarization in the finak accounts.

Options
Annual Inspection
Auditing
checking
Accounting
Question No. 7
The sequence of steps followed in the accounting process to measure business transactions and transform the measurements into FINANCIAL TATEMENTS for a specific period.

Options
Accounting Cycle
Accounting
Trading Cycle
Audit Cycle
Question No. 8
The difference between the realistic interest and the interest actually used is referred to as………………… interest.

Options
Historical
Depreciated
Imputed
Calculated
Question No. 9
Mutual fund with a fixed number of shares outstanding that may be bought or sold iss ………. Fund.

Options
Fixed
Capital
Open
Closed
Question No. 10
Original cost of an asset to an entity is called ………………. Cost.

Options
Historical
Accounted
Depreciated
Actual
Question No. 11
A ratio used to indicate the number of times a company’s average inventory is sold during an accounting period is ………….. Turnover ratio.

Options
Liquidity
Solvency
Inventory
Profitability
Question No. 12
A financial term for a specific type of commodities planning and trading.

Options
Development Plan
R&D
Hedge
Arbitrage
Question No. 13
Owner of property, the temporary use of which is transferred to another (LESSEE) under the terms of a LEASE.

Options
Asset owner
Lessor
Lease Owner
Contractor
Question No. 14
Any amount a corporation pays to a shareholder to directly or indirectly buy back its stock ………… mail.

Options
Red
Green
White
Yellow
Question No. 15
Movement from public ownership to private ownership of a company’s shares either by the company’s repurchase of shares or through purchases by an outside private investor.

Options
Going Private
IPO
FPO
Propspectus
Question No. 16
Group that has authority to establish standards of financial reporting for all units of state and local government.

Options
Cas
GASB
FPO
GAPS
Question No. 17
Transferable agreement to deliver or receive during a specific future month a standardized amount of a commodity s called ………….. Contract.

Options
Surendered Contract
Active
Future
Present
Question No. 18
Person who takes on the risks of starting a new business.

Options
CFO
Auditor
Accountant
Entrepreneur
Question No. 19
Stock bonus plan of an employer that acquires SECURITIES issued by the plan sponsor.

Options
ESOP
TSOP
PPOP
OROP
Question No. 20
Method of computing a deduction to ACCOUNT for a reduction in value of extractable natural resources is called…………….. .

Options
Deflation
Demand Loan
Account for
Depletion
Question No. 21
Account considered to be an offset to another account is …….. . Account.

Options
Unaccounted
Audited
Contra
parallel
Question No. 22
The stockholders’ investment in a corporation is called ………….. Capital.

Options
Fixed
Contributed
Parallel
Participated
Question No. 23
Annual interest on a bond divided by the market price is called …… yield.

Options
Current
Accounted
Liquid
Fixed
Question No. 24
Individual who has died is called…………… .

Options
Liability
Financial Burden
Decedent
Annudent
Question No. 25
Goods bought for personal or household use, as distinguished from capital goods or producer’s goods, which are used to produce other goods.

Options
Consumer Goods
White goods
Electronics Goods
Tangible Goods
Question No. 26
Transaction under which the LESSOR borrows funds to acquire property which is leased to a third party is ………… lease.

Options
Current
Accounted
Leveraged.
Abridged
Question No. 27
Winding up an activity by distributing its ASSETS to the appropriate parties and settling its debts.

Options
Window Dressing
Corruption
Insolvency
Liquidation
Question No. 28
Difference between current assets and current liabilities is called………….

Options
Net Profit
Net Working Capital
OROP
Gross Profit
Question No. 29
Sales at gross invoice amounts less any adjustments for returns, allowances, or discounts taken.

Options
Net Sales
Journal Sales
Revenues
Actual Sales
Question No. 30
Written promise to pay a specified amount to a certain entity on demand or on a specified date.

Options
Challan
Contract
Advisoty Note
Note
Question No. 31
Oldest and largest stock exchange in the United States, located at 11 Wall Street in New York City; also known as the Big Board and The Exchange.

Options
Chicago Exchange
World Exchange
NYSE
IMF
Question No. 32
Price per share at which a new or secondary distribution of securities is offered for sale to the public.

Options
offiring Price
Open Price
Current Price
Market Price
Question No. 33
Right to buy or sell something at a specified price during a specified time period.

Options
option1
Put Option
Call Option
Share
Question No. 34
All post-retirement benefits other than pensions, provided by employers to employees.

Options
Pension
OPEB
NPV
Gratuity
Question No. 35
The ability to earn enough INCOME to attract and hold INVESTMENT capital.

Options
Pooling
Estimate
Profitability
Projection
Question No. 36
The place in a factory where products are made.

Options
Godown
Supply Chain
Product Line
closed Circuit
Question No. 37
Right giving existing stockholders the opportunity to purchase shares of a new ISSUE before it is offered to others.

Options
Green Right
Preemptive
Bonus share
White Right
Question No. 38
Asset placed in a trust and used as collateral for a DEBT.

Options
Auditing
Acconting
Pooling
Pledged
Question No. 39
A small amount of CASH that a company keeps on hand to pay for minor expenses in an office.

Options
Petty Cash
Open Cash
current Cash
Small Cash
Question No. 40
Percentage of a firm’s profits that is paid out to shareholders in the form of dividends.

Options
Payout Ratio
Retention Ratio
Offer Ratio
Distribution Ratio
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Entrepreneurship Process & Behavior (VVN)
Assignment A

1. You family business of selling textiles is going through a bad phase with changing consumer preferences. With the change in market dynamics, you are left with no other option but to explore new opportunities to establish yourself all over again. How would you choose your next venture? How would you use your past experience to ensure minimalistic loss due to shift in your business model? Support your answer with relevant assumptions.
2 . What is the difference between Innovation, Invention and Creativity? What, among these, is most important to build a sustainability plan for a start-up?
3 . Briefly explain various risks that associated with the early stage of a start-up. Is it possible for a start-up to create a fire-wall from these risks in any way? Explain with relevant examples.
4 . You are an Intrapreneur working with a new entrant, working on a plan to enter instant noodles market in an already crowded market. Explain the importance of selection of customer segment and their respective choices to justify your decision to launch or discard your plan.
5 . Evaluate the statement “You simply cannot have a flourishing entrepreneurship ecosystem without large companies to cultivate it, intentionally or otherwise”
6 . Write a short note on traits of an entrepreneur. Critically evaluate your own traits using SWOT to align them with that of an entrepreneur.
7 . Draw up a Business Plan for ‘Food-Kart’, a service that would deliver fresh, hot food of choice from well established restaurants across a given locality to the office goers and residents. Include the impact of driving forces in development of a business plan.
8 . You run a 20-year old family-owned business based in Chennai, manufacturing Headlights exclusively for General Motors. With an increased demand of cars internationally, General Motors has given you and option to increase the supplies by two folds. To increase the manufacturing capacity, you would need Land, Plant & Machinery and Working Capital. Explain at length your options to secure finances to run the business. Please state your assumptions clearly.

Assignment B
Case Detail :
Brian Scudamore, Founder of 1-800-GOT-JUNK?, North America’s largest junk removal service.
Brian Scudamore started his company 1-800-GOT-JUNK? in 1989 straight out of high school with $700 and a beat-up old pick-up truck. Today they have 95 franchise partners across North America with a true national presence; they are in 47 of North America’s top 50 cities.
Scudamore was a risk-taker, but firm in his vision. “With a vision of creating the ‘FedEx’ of junk removal,” says Scudamore, “I dropped out of University with just one year left to become a fulltime JUNKMAN! Yes, my father, a liver transplant surgeon, was not impressed to say the least.” He chuckles, “He is onside now.” Many entrepreneurs minimize their risks by outsourcing to contractors. Scudamore chose a different route. “I hired my first employee a week after I started. I knew I needed the help. His name was David Sniderman, a good friend of mine. I really didn’t know yet how to hire so I just asked a buddy.” It may have started as a matter of simply not knowing what else to do, but it became a philosophical issue for him. “On a bigger level, I always believed in hiring people vs. contract or consultants. I felt that if I wasn’t willing to make the investment then I was questioning my own faith in the business.”
On the other hand, he’s a big believer in letting other people share some of the risk. His choice of franchising as a business model allowed him rapid growth without having to turn to outside investors or other funding sources.
“It’s the ultimate leverage model. People pay you a fee up-front to help them grow. Rather than lose control my vision by going public, I chose franchising. It’s the ultimate growth model.”
Their recipe for success has been simple. Take a fragmented business, add clean shiny trucks that act as mobile billboards, uniformed drivers, on-time service and up-front rates, and then mix in with a culture that is young, fun and completely focused on solid, healthy growth. He has managed to retain 100% ownership and bootstrapped the business solely out of cash flow, something that is very rare these days.
Although this is a simple business, they couldn’t possibly have grown this quickly without technology. Taking a low tech business and putting a high tech spin on it allowed them to rapidly distinguish themselves from their competition. All calls come into a central 1-800-GOT-JUNK? call center where they do all the booking and dispatch for their franchise partners. Franchise partners then assess all of their real time reports, schedules, customer info, etc., off of JUNKNET, their corporate intranet. This allows franchise partners to get into business quickly, and to focus solely on growth — working on the business vs. working in the business.
1-800-GOT-JUNK? will do about $79 Million in 2014, not a bad return on a $700.00 investment! Brian’s BHAG (Big Hairy Audacious Goal) is $200 million and 250 franchise partners by Dec 31st, 2019. He says confidently, “We will get there.”

Questions:
1. Critically evaluate the business model of 1-800-GOT-JUNK.
2. Briefly explain the role a franchise partner plays success of such a business model. Support your answers with relevant assumptions and examples.
3. How would you launch the same business in a market like India? Please state your assumptions and challenges clearly before you explain your B-Plan.

Assignment C
Question No. 1
Which of the following shows the process of creating something new?

Options
Business model
Modeling
Innovation
Creative flexibility

Question No. 2
Which one of the following gives suggestions for new product and also help to market new products?

Options
Existing products and services
Distribution channels
Central and State governments
Consumers

Question No. 3
Which of the following is used by entrepreneurs to acquire experience in an international market before making a major commitment?

Options
Merger
Joint venture
Minority interest
Majority interest

Question No. 4
The entrepreneur was distinguished from capital provider in:

Options
Middle ages
18th century
17th century
19th and 20th century

Question No. 5
A person who managed large project was termed as the entrepreneur in the _________.

Options
Earliest period
Middle ages
17th century
19th and 20th century

Question No. 6
What is the process by which individuals pursue opportunities without regard to resources they currently control?

Options
Startup management
Entrepreneurship
Financial analysis
Feasibility planning

Question No. 7
Having less than 50 percent of equity share in an international venture is called:

Options
Minority interest
Joint venture
Majority interest
Exporting

Question No. 8
Having more than 50% ownership position that provides the entrepreneur with managerial control is called:

Options
Joint venture
Majority interest
Horizontal merger
Diversified activity merger

Question No. 9
Which one of the following is the process of entrepreneurs developing new products that over time make current products obsolete?

Options
New business model
Anatomization
Creative destruction
None of the above

Question No. 10
Which of the following factors is the most important in forcing U.S companies to focus on new product development and increased productivity?

Options
Entrepreneurship
Hyper competition
Governmental laws
Organizational culture

Question No. 11
Which of the following is alternatively called corporate venturing?

Options
Entrepreneurship
Intrapreneurship
Act of stating a new venture
Offering new products by an existing company

Question No. 12
Individuals influencing an entrepreneur’s career choice and style are known as which of the following?

Options
Role model
Moral-support network
Professional support network
Support system

Question No. 13
The activity which occurs when the new venture is started is called:

Options
Motivation
Business skills
Goal orientation
Departure point

Question No. 14
The level at which an individual is viewed by society is called:

Options
Financial status
Qualification
Social status
Achievement

Question No. 15
Which one of the following is an important source of idea generation due to their familiarity with the needs of market?

Options
Existing products and services
Distribution channels
Central and State governments
Consumers

Question No. 16
Members of distribution channels are excellent sources for new ideas because:

Options
They are familiar with the needs of the market
They earn a handsome profit from new business
They do not bother if entrepreneur bears a loss
They have well-developed sales force

Question No. 17
Which one of the following is the most important characteristic of a successful business website?

Options
Speed
Innovation
Graphics
Products

Question No. 18
Which one of the following is the next stage to the Concept Stage of Product Planning and Development Process?

Options
Idea Stage
Product Planning Stage
Product Development Stage
Test Marketing Stage

Question No. 19
SBA stands for:

Options
Small business accountants
Small business administration
Small business adequacy
Small business advisors

Question No. 20
Why should an entrepreneur do a feasibility study for starting a new venture?

Options
To see if there are possible barriers to success
To identify possible sources of funds
To estimate the expected sales
To explore potential customers

Question No. 21
Information regarding all of the following is related to operations, EXCEPT:

Options
Location
Promotion
Raw materials
Labor skills

Question No. 22
For which of the following copy right acquisition is desirable?

Options
Songs
Models
Books
All of the above

Question No. 23
Which of the following is TRUE for Disclosure Document?

Options
It gives recognition that he was the inventor of the idea in past
It gives recognition that he is the first the inventor of the idea
It gives recognition that he will be the invent an idea in future
It gives recognition that he wants to copy the idea

Question No. 24
Which of the following are the Fast-growth young companies?

Options
Gazelles
Life style
Foundation Company
None of the above

Question No. 25
Which of the following factor has allowed small companies to act like they are big ones?

Options
Technology
Customers
Economic development
Competition

Question No. 26
The resistance of employees in an organization against flexibility, growth, and diversification can be overcome by developing:

Options
Entrepreneurship
Intrapreneurship
Managerial domain
Administrative domain

Question No. 27
For the success of business plan the goals should be

Options
Limitless
Generalized
Specific
Imaginary

Question No. 28
The Grameen Bank model is affectively used by which of the following institute?

Options
Education sector
Finance Sector
Rural Sector
NGOs

Question No. 29
Which one of the factors should be considered while assessing the space for business?

Options
Parking
Access from roadways to facility
Delivery rates
All of the given options

Question No. 30
Which two work environments should be good for spawning the new enterprises?

Options
Finance and marketing
Finance and R&D
Marketing and R&D
Marketing and IT

Question No. 31
Which one of the following should consider in economy while conducting environmental analysis?

Options
GDP
Disposable income
Unemployment rate
Channel of distribution

Question No. 32
Which one of the following is a barrier to new product creation and development?

Options
Trial and error
Opportunity parameter
Opportunity cost
Intrapreneurship culture

Question No. 33
Which of the following is not true concerning the difference between managers and leaders?

Options
managers are appointed
managers influence through informal means
leaders may be appointed
leaders can influence beyond formal authority

Question No. 34
Persons who are able to influence others and who possess managerial authority are termed ______________.

Options
managers
leaders
organizers
visionaries

Question No. 35
Which of the following has been identified as a source of power in leadership?

Options
reward
punishment
legitimate referent
all of the above

Question No. 36
What is a target market?

Options
A group of customers a venture reaches by accident
All consumers who purchase the venture’s product
A specific group of potential customers toward which a venture aims its marketing plan
A chain of discount stores

Question No. 37
In stage of responsibility allocation process the entrepreneur follows:

Options
Highly centralized decision making process
Highly decentralized decision making process
Somewhat centralized decision making process
No particular standard

Question No. 38
Factors contribute to the creation of new venture EXCEPT:

Options
Finance
Central and State Governments
High interest rates
Role models

Question No. 39
Which one of the following gives suggestions for new product but also helps to market new product in the market?

Options
Existing products and services
Distribution channels
Federal government
Consumers

Question No. 40
Which of the following is the most important for the entrepreneur, while starting a new venture, to make an assessment of?

Options
Risk
Profit
Market
Competitors

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Evaluating Business Opportunities. (VVN)
Assignment A

1 . Explain the legal issues related to a new venture in B-2-C space. You are expected to clearly state your assumptions.
2 . What is the process of identifying business opportunity? What role does Macro analysis play in identifying these opportunities? Explain with relevant examples.
3 . Critically evaluate the statement ‘Failure is not about insecurity. It’s about lack of execution’. Support your answer with examples.
4 . What role does market research plan in evaluating the new business opportunity? Describe different tools available with an entrepreneur to evaluate the opportunities.
5 . Explain in brief the steps involved in structuring the new business venture?
6 . In the early stage of venture, what financial options are available with an entrepreneur? Connect different finance options with the Business Life Cycle of the venture to clearly differentiate the options.
7 . Find an innovative solution to the problem of availability of clean drinking water in rural India using any thinking technique of your choice. Your solutions should have clear mention of assumptions, risks, finances and team you work with.
8 . You are a young entrepreneur planning to start a unit to manufacture plastic granules for industrial use.
a. What are the various sources of funds available to you to arrange for working capital?
b. How would you convince, select and recruit your executive team to work with you?

Assignment B

Case Detail :
If a company can be named Google or Zynga and be successful, why notBooginHead? I know what you’re thinking: What’s a BooginHead, and can I use it as a Scrabble word? According to company founder Sari Crevin, the name refers to those times when someone “does something they shouldn’t, but they do it regardless and it makes you laugh.” A prime example is her toddler son, Jake, who liked to toss his sippy cup on the floor over and over just for the sheer enjoyment of watching mom pick it up every time.
The thing about cute-product businesses like this one is that they can seem easy. Create an adorable product with an “awwwww” factor, and the rest is a breeze. Not so fast. “The juvenile industry is incredibly competitive,” Crevin says. “It’s one of the few industries where mom and pop operations can compete right alongside larger companies on the shelves. Because of that, the barrier to entry is smaller and each year you have more copycat competitors entering the space. But, also because of that fact, there is room for new and innovative products that otherwise would never make it to market.”
Like many entrepreneurs, Crevin, a former Microsoft human resource manager, started the business because of personal experience. “I couldn’t find a product that met my own needs and standards. I was tired of chasing after my one-year-old’s sippy cup that he loved to throw from his high chair and stroller. I didn’t want to walk into a store and see that someone else had already come up with an idea like SippiGrip and got it into stores first. I never want to look back and say, “coulda, woulda, shoulda.’ ”
Here are the three biggest mistakes Crevin made in starting the business: read and learn.
1. Trademark and brand name searches and clearances. “Over year ago, out of the blue, I got a letter from Platex that informed me that I could not use any form of the word ‘binky’ and my second product was called ‘BinkiGrip’. There was a lot of scrambling to change the name and the packaging for everything I had in production. I ended up changing it twice before landing on PaciGrip.
2. Not investing in a good graphic designer sooner. “I worked with a lot of designers who were a lot less expensive but just couldn’t deliver the kind of brand image I was looking for. Now that I have been working with my current designer for over two years, it’s great to know that with each new product, packaging design and marketing materials generated, someone is watching out to make sure my brand’s look and feel is consistent.”
3. Short-term financial decisions. “There were many times in the beginning where I made financial decisions based on the short term rather than looking at the larger picture. What might have seemed expensive at the time, like flying in product for a retailer instead of letting it arrive by sea, really wasn’t taking into account what was best for the company or the client long-term.”
Now for the three best decisions Crevin made.
1. Invested in a good lawyer. “There are many places to cut corners, but a lawyer isn’t one of them. Trademark and patent applications can be very tricky.” Take note, those people heading over to LegalZoom.
2. Made product changes based on customer input. “I always listened to my customers and made changes and upgrades based on their needs. After reading reviews online for PaciGrip I realized how important it was that it worked with all brands of pacifiers. That alteration made it universally compatible and it is now my best-selling product.”
3. Early trade show entry. “Even when my initial product, the SippiGrip, was still in the early stages, I took a leap and signed on as a vendor at the ABC Kids Expo Trade Show.”
BooginHead now has sales exceeding $1 million a year. Crevin credits other mompreneurs for inspiration, including Tamara Monosoff of Mom Invented and Kim Lavine of Mommy Millionaire.

Questions:

1. What, according to you, are the most important factors one should consider while choosing a brand name?
2. What factors would you consider while establishing yourself in the so-called “juvenile industry”? Explain your answer with assumptions clearly stated in the beginning of your answer.
3. With reference to the above case, what are short-term finance options available for an entrepreneur?

Assignment C

Question No. 1
All but which of the following is considered to be a myth associated with entrepreneurship?

Options
Successful entrepreneurs are born not made
First ventures are always successful
All entrepreneurs must willingly invest significant sums of money
Successful entrepreneurs must have a break-through invention

Question No. 2
A/An ______ is best described by stating it is any business that is independently owned and operated and is not dominate in its market.

Options
strategic alliance
corporation
small business
proprietorship

Question No. 3
For small business owners, one of the most important objectives is _______.

Options
market presence
growth
profitability
innovation

Question No. 4
Which of the following is not considered a common characteristic of an entrepreneur?

Options
Self-confidence
High need for achievement
Internal locus of control
External locus of control

Question No. 5
The entrepreneur who is committed to the entrepreneurial effort because it makes good business sense is classed as a/an _____.

Options
inventor
opportunist
hacker
craftsperson

Question No. 6
Jyoti is one of the newest and most successful entrepreneurs in the technology industry. She handles numerous dealings with other companies for the exchange of goods and services. Her primary goal is to ensure that all parties involved receive favorable and acceptable terms. Jyoti is most probably excellent at the entrepreneurial skill of _______.

Options
negotiating
networking
leadership
analysis

Question No. 7
The steps involved in an entrepreneurial endeavor include all but which one of the following?

Options
Hiring a partner
Selecting the type of legal structure
Obtaining financing
Business plan formulation

Question No. 8
The ideas for new businesses that are obtained by entrepreneurs are derived from many sources. These various sources include all but _______.

Options
replication of an existing business
trade journals
family members
children

Question No. 9
Common reasons for entrepreneurial failure include all but which one of the following?

Options
Poor implementation
Lack of capital
Adequate financial support
Faulty product design

Question No. 10
A/An ________ is defined as the blueprint describing the business strategy for entering the marketplace and explains the business to potential investors.

Options
competitor analysis
spin-off
business alliance
business plan

Question No. 11
Of the following, which one is not considered a key component of a business plan?

Options
Sources of funding
Market trend analysis
Methods for dissolution of the organization
Description of products or services

Question No. 12
A(n) ________ is defined as a form of business that is an association of two or more people acting as co-owners of a business.

Options
proprietorship
partnership
corporation
conglomerate

Question No. 13
Which one of the following would not be considered an advantage to a partnership formation?

Options
Potential for double taxation
Less governmental control
Ease of formation
Direct share of profits

Question No. 14
Which one of the following would not be considered a disadvantage of a corporation?

Options
Limited continuality of life of enterprise
Extensive government regulations of activities
High incorporation fees
Corporate capital, profits, dividends, and salaries are double taxed

Question No. 15
Entrepreneurships require financial backing in order to get started in the business world. Which of the following is not one of the methods commonly utilized to obtain the financial resources needed?

Options
Equity
Commercial loans
Personal finances provided by friends
Venture capitalists

Question No. 16
_________ financing is raising money by selling part of the ownership of the business to investors.

Options
Debt
Equity
Venture capitalist
All of the above

Question No. 17
Of the following, which one would not be considered an alternative to independent entrepreneurship?

Options
Franchise
Spin-off
Intrapreneurship
Extrapreneurship

Question No. 18
Of the following, which is best identified as an independent entrepreneurship that produces a product or service that originated in a large company?

Options
Spin-off
Franchise
Intrapreneurship
Diversification

Question No. 19
Of the following, which is best identified when a business with an established name and product is sold to additional owners along with the rights to distribute product?

Options
Intrapreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Franchise
Spin-off

Question No. 20
Management tactics purported to maximize innovation for an entrepreneurship include all but which of the following items?

Options
Cutting of losses
Culture
Benchmarking
Capabilities

Question No. 21
______ is best described as doing something differently and has been described as discontinuous or complementary change.

Options
Entrepreneurship
Innovation
Variance
Enterprise

Question No. 22
In franchising, the entrepreneur assumes fewer risks because the franchise provides all but which one of the following?

Options
Established market for the product
Management assistance in operating the business
Economies of scale for purchasing
Oversale of rights

Question No. 23
Fewer, larger buyers is the key characteristic of _________

Options
Business market
Consumer market
Both a and b
None of the above

Question No. 24
Because of the _________ and the importance and power of large customers, suppliers are frequently expected to customize their offerings to the individual business customer needs.

Options
Larger customer base
Mid-sized customer base
Smaller customer base
None of the above

Question No. 25
_________ is the demand for business goods which results from the demand for consumer goods.

Options
Inelastic demand
Derived demand
Fluctuating demand
None of the above

Question No. 26
What is innovation?

Options
The establishment of new methods of production, supply and distribution
The renewal and enlargement of the range of products and services and the associated markets
The introduction of changes in management, work organization, and the working conditions and skills of the workforce
All of the above

Question No. 27
Why do entrepreneurship and innovation go hand-in-hand?

Options
Entrepreneurs are both owners and managers of the business, so they are more likely to take calculated risks to pursue business opportunities
Entrepreneurs have the capability and motivation to pursue innovative commercial opportunities that are riskier and more radical than normal.
Entrepreneurs identify business opportunities and assemble the resources and capabilities needed to create value
All of the above

Question No. 28
What is a “born global” firm?

Options
A firm that exploits commercial opportunities that arise from bridging resource inputs and market niches in different global locations
A firm that has positioned itself as an international entrepreneurial broker
A firm that is, from its beginnings, immediately or very quickly reliant on a global presence to survive and succeed
All of the above

Question No. 29
Bobby believes that what takes place within his new company is mostly the result of fate or factors that are outside of his control. It could be stated that Bobby possesses a/an ______.

Options
innovative spirit
external locus of control
high need for achievement
internal locus of control

Question No. 30
Which of the following is not of the three generic forms of innovation activity in the organization’s innovation location framework?

Options
Sensing
Pooling resources
Responding
Implementing

Question No. 31
Which of the following is not of the four types of distribution configurations in the organization’s innovation location framework?

Options
Local-for-global.
Centre-for-global.
Local-for-local.
Local-for-centre.

Question No. 32
What are the key drivers for the internationalization of innovation activities in an organisation?

Options
Political power-seeking.
Monopoly-seeking.
Rent-seeking.
None of the above.

Question No. 33
All of the following are true, except:

Options
Ambidexterity is the ability of a firm to be embedded into domestic market R&D and innovation networks.
Ambidexterity is the ability of a firm to manage effectively today’s and tomorrow’s business demands.
Ambidexterity is the ability of a firm to be aligned and efficient in its management of today’s business demands and to be adaptive to changes in the environment.
Ambidexterity is the ability of a firm to continually come up with new technology platforms and new products, but also to improve current product lines.

Question No. 34
What are small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs)?

Options
Indian manufacturing firms qualify as SMEs if they invest less-than US$2 million in plant and equipment.
SMEs are firms with less-than 500 in the US.
SMEs are firms with less-than 250 employees in Europe.
All of the above.

Question No. 35
Which of the following are true, except:

Options
SMEs often lack financial resources.
SMEs often lack scale and scope.
SMEs often lack entrepreneurship, innovation and adaptation.
SMEs often lack manpower.

Question No. 36
Which of the following statement is true about the degree of involvement in international trade and FDI of small firms?

Options
In the European Union, more than seventy-five percent of all SMEs export or have exported at some point during the last 3 years.
A relatively small number of SMEs sell products and services outside their domestic market, compared to the total number of active SMEs.
SMEs are more prominent than large multinational firms as sources of FDI.
Most SMEs in the United States and India are actively engaged in international trade and FDI

Question No. 37
Which of the following are key areas of dispute about “born global” firms?

Options
Are born-global firms really global in terms of their cross-border trade and/or FDI, or are they regional?
How quickly does a small firm need to develop a global presence to be called a born global firm?
Is a firm born global (or global at all) if it simply exports and imports products and services and has no FDI ?
All of the above

Question No. 38
Why is it more likely that a small firm is “born regional”?

Options
Given their limited resources small firms can be expected to reduce risk by selecting nearby countries in their home region as the final destination of their internationalization strategy from inception
Small and young ventures may be able to acquire information about local customer’s preference and/or local business practices more easily in nearby countries, and to adapt their products and services more easily to meet the specific needs of local customers in the same home region.
The resources and capabilities internalized within firm boundaries can be exploited more easily in similar institutional contexts within regions than across different regions
All of the above

Question No. 39
What is dynamic capability?

Options
The firm’s ability to integrate, build, and reconfigure internal and external competences to address rapidly changing environments.
The firm’s ability to maximize profits through international business activities
The firm’s ability to grow quickly on the basis of temporary opportunities
The firm’s ability to focus on wealth-creating activities

Question No. 40
How do SME managers know which markets to enter?

Options
Through the use of social networking sites, e.g. LinkedIn and Facebook
By learning the language of the potential target country markets
By clicking Google maps
None of the above

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Innovation in Business & Enterprise (VVN)

Assignment A

1 . Write a brief note on the following:
a. Simplicity and innovation
b. Creativity and innovation
2 . How would you promote innovation at grass-root level? Support your understanding with relevant examples.
3 . Explain briefly the process of innovation through idea generation.
4 . Explain the concept of Disruptive Innovation. How would you implement this technique in an entrepreneurial venture? Support your answer with relevant examples.
5 . You are successfully running a new venture in telecom sector. How would you innovate in the space of using reverse innovation? Support your answer with examples.
6 . Create a Customer centered innovation map for an industry of your choice. Explain the difference in approach while implementing this strategy as compared to the Producer centered innovation.
7 . What do you understand by the Discovery-driven planning process? How does it differ from the conventional planning process. Support your answer with relevant examples.
8 . How does team-building impact the innovation strategy of an organization? Support your answer with relevant examples.

Assignment B
Case Detail :
Mansukhbhai Prajapati, a potter living in rural Gujarat, is completely untaught in English. But the lack of formal education has not hindered this grassroots entrepreneur from building a thriving business using just clay. Prajapati, who belongs to Nichimandal, a village in Rajkot, Gujarat, is the founder of Mitticool Clay Creation, a company that makes refrigerators, water filters, cookers, hot plates and other such items of daily use from clay. It all began when Prajapati first built a clay refrigerator that naturally cools the food inside, and does not depend on conventional sources of energy. This cooling process can keep water, fruits and vegetables fresh for a week, while milk can be preserved for three days. The product now is priced at just `2,000 — almost one-tenth of the basic refrigerator models from LG, or Whirlpool.

“This fridge also preserves the original taste of vegetables and fruits,” says Prajapati. Mitticool’s products have captured the imagination of the rural areas. Today it has revenues of around `30 lakh and has sold over one lakh products in just six years since it started off. Prajapati is among the new breed of several hundred grassroots innovators in India who are using imagination and innovation to solve basic issues of deprivation at the bottom of the pyramid.

Such innovations are finding a market not just in India but also in other emerging markets and even developed nations. For instance, while Prajapati sells to Indian retailers such as Big Bazaar, he says that the same products have also reached customers in London, America, Singapore and Africa, thanks to the National Innovation Foundation (NIF). “We are reversing the model of globalisation. It is now emerging from India,” says professor Anil Gupta, faculty member at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, and executive vice-chairman of NIF. “This model is not about business to consumers, but grassroot to global markets.”

“India’s rural market spread along 600,000 villages, covering 110 million rural households and over 700 million people. This offers huge market for low-priced utility products,” says Paul Basil, founder and CEO, Villgro Innovations Foundation, an NGO that focuses on rural markets. These innovations are becoming a force to reckon with at a time when large corporations are spending billions of dollars to kick-start new innovations.

Just as Jeganathan’s mission is to cut infant mortality, the common factor for innovation at the grassroots level is the impact they have on a large number of people. Piramal Water is a for-profit business set up under the aegis of the Piramal Foundation. The company provides medium-scale water purification machines to rural franchisees. These franchise owners in turn distribute the clean water to the households in the area surrounding the unit. The company has 117 franchises and provides potable water to around 65,000 rural Indians. “We provide the machine, maintenance and servicing,” said Anand Shah, CEO, Piramal Water. The franchise owner pays `2 lakh upfront and 40% of the revenues to Sarvajal. A can of 20 litres of drinking water is made available at just `4. “We are not just providing clean water, we are also trying to create rural entrepreneurs,” says Shah.

Despite so many innovations, only firms like SKEPL have been able to scale up. “For these innovations to scale and reach to global audience, it is important that ventures are run as for-profit businesses,” says Rita Soni, CEO, Nasscom Foundation. Despite all these, India is set to become a hub for grassroot innovations and a test market for MNCs to tap other emerging countries as well. According to NIF’s Gupta, large corporations cannot think the way these innovators can, because they are closer to the problem. “They are teaching them new rules. The future is going to be dematerialised economy as it will be driven by knowledge,” says Gupta of NIF.

Questions:
1. Based on the article, list down the challenges faced by the innovator at grassroot level. Support your arguments with relevant assumptions.
2. Piramal Water, in the case above, is a classic example of making profit through satisfying the needs of consumers at the bottom of the pyramid. Do a critical analysis of their model with the limited information given in the case. Support your argument with relevant assumptions.
3. Critically evaluate the statement “Such innovations are finding a market not just in India but also in other emerging markets and even developed nations”. Support your answer with examples.

Assignment C

Question No. 1
Innovation is defined as_________

Options
the commercialization of a new product or process
the invention of a new product or process.
new product or process idea.
the implementation of a new production method

Question No. 2
Process innovation refers to:

Options
the development of a new service
the development of a new product
the implementation of a new or improved production method
the development of new products or services

Question No. 3
Innovation can help to provide a temporary competitive advantage when

Options
barriers to entry are high
barriers to imitation are low and intellectual property rights are difficult to enforce
there are few other competitors
barriers to entry are low

Question No. 4
Following establishment of a dominant design in the product life cycle, what would you expect to happen?

Options
Emphasis on product innovation rather than process innovation
Emphasis on process innovation rather than product innovation
Competition to increase as new firms enter the industry
Competition to decrease as more firms exit than enter the industry

Question No. 5
Established firms relative to new firms are better at:

Options
all types of innovation
innovation which is competence-enhancing
innovation which is competence-destroying
Innovation which is disruptive

Question No. 6
In which markets are network effects likely?

Options
Markets subject to increasing returns
‘Multi-level markets
Hi-tech product markets
All of the above

Question No. 7
Which of the following are valuable in a standards war?

Options
Competitive advantage
Late mover advantage
Early mover advantage
Technological advantage

Question No. 8
The fundamental challenge of knowledge transfer in multinational firms is:

Options
transferring explicit knowledge across borders
transferring tacit knowledge across borders
creating tacit knowledge in overseas subsidiaries
transferring tacit and explicit knowledge across borders

Question No. 9
What potential advantages can be gained from involving overseas subsidiaries in R&D activities?

Options
Local subsidiaries offer financial advantages such as lower land and labour costs
Local subsidiaries offer access to local companies
Local subsidiaries offer access to technical knowledge and skills
Local subsidiaries offer financial advantages as well as access to local markets, technical knowledge and skills

Question No. 10
Outsourcing of innovation globally is more likely where

Options
Innovations are autonomous
Innovations are systemic
Innovations are systemic or autonomous
Innovations are made by service sector firms

Question No. 11
Being a manager, with no environmental uncertainty or threat of competitors’ new products, would be simple without ______________.

Options
government regulations
diversity
cultural differences
organizational change

Question No. 12
Managing change is an integral part of ______________

Options
top management’s job
middle-level management’s job
the first-line manager’s job
every manager’s job

Question No. 13
Which of the following is not an external force of change?

Options
marketplace
government laws and regulations
economic changes
workforce

Question No. 14
Which one of the following is an important source of idea generation due to their familiarity with the needs of market?

Options
Existing products and services
Distribution channels
Federal government
Consumers

Question No. 15
Which of the following statements about the entrepreneurial climate is (are) true?

Options
Trial and error are discouraged
Resources of the firm need to be available and easily accessible
A multi-disciplinary approach is discouraged
Failure are not allowed

Question No. 16
A patent is granted for a specified amount of time because of the assumption:

Options
That during this time firm will cover its development costs
That firm will earn a sufficient profit during this period
To limit the monopoly of the firm
That it will stimulate idea and development of a better product.

Question No. 17
Which one of the following is a barriers to news product creation and development

Options
Trial and error
Opportunity parameter
Opportunity cost
Intrapreneurship culture

Question No. 18
Which is the balance points of Entrepreneurship?

Options
Means of social changes
Increase in employment opportunities
Optimum utilisation of resources
All of the above

Question No. 19
Which of the following techniques is an excellent method for initially screening ideas and concepts in addition to generating new ideas?

Options
Focus group
Brain storming
Problem inventory analysis
Reverse brainstorming

Question No. 20
Which one of the following is NOT an intrapreneurial leadership characteristic?

Options
Understands environment
Encourage the team work
Not flexible
Persistent

Question No. 21
Which is the part of concept of Entrepreneurship?

Options
High achievement capacity
Organisation building
Group level reaction
All of the above

Question No. 22
Which is the cause of emergence of Entrepreneurship?

Options
Environmental factors
Socio-cultural factors
Individual factors
All of the above

Question No. 23
_____________ is the practice of starting new organisations or revitalising nature organisations particularly new business generally in response to identified opportunities.

Options
Partnership
Marketing
Research Management
Entrepreneurship

Question No. 24
The decision to start a new business is taken when one perceives that forming a new business is

Options
Possible
Desirable
Accurate
Both (a) and (b)

Question No. 25
Entrepreneurial experience becomes increasingly important as

Options
Work load increases
Complexity of venture increases
Complexity of work increases
None of the above

Question No. 26
Individuals who help the entrepreneur in business activities are called

Options
Role models
Moral support networks
Professional support networks
Business support networks

Question No. 27
Which is types of creativity?

Options
Creativity by serendipity
Exploratory creativity
Normative creativity
All of the above

Question No. 28
Which statement is true?

Options
Forecasting enables the Entrepreneur to develop plausible projections for the future
Assessing the environment is the most difficult and important of the four tasks of environmental analysis
Stakeholder analysis helps the entrepreneur identify which groups and interests are friendly to the new venture and which are hostile
All of the above

Question No. 29
Developing a new idea through inquiry and testing is called

Options
Heuristics
Forced relationship
Scientific method
Value analysis

Question No. 30
Which of the following firm achieves modest growth

Options
High potential growth firm
Foundation firm
Life style
Public company

Question No. 31
The entrepreneur utilizes the resources through

Options
Identifying and evaluating the opportunity
Developing a business plan
Implementing the business plan
Manage the enterprise

Question No. 32
Which is the objects of Entrepreneurial Development Programmes?

Options
Promotion of self-employment
Promotion of cottage and small scale industries
Promotion of first generation businessmen
All of the above

Question No. 33
Which is the advantage of product layout?

Options
Smooth production without any interruption
Mechanisation of material handling
Low cost of material handling
All of the above

Question No. 34
Which of the following contains large number of new ideas?

Options
Files of Patent office
Official Gazette
Government patent Board
All of the above

Question No. 35
Analysis of the business environment includes

Options
Forecasting to project the future
Monitoring to track development
Scanning to detect change
All of the above

Question No. 36
A typical inventor is usually

Options
Highly creative & in love with the invention
Does not encourage change
Willing to modify the invention in order to augment commercial benefit
None of the above

Question No. 37
All of the following are essential to maintain secrecy EXCEPT

Options
Train employees to refer sensitive questions to one person
Discuss business in public place
Provide escorts for all office visitors
Use simple security such as locked file cabinets

Question No. 38
Which one of the following is a sound strategic option for an entrepreneur when synergy is present?

Options
Merger
Joint venture
Minority interest
Majority interest

Question No. 39
The activity which occurs when the new venture is started is called

Options
Motivation
Business skills
Departure point
Goal orientation

Question No. 40
Which of the following is the most important for the entrepreneur, while starting a new venture, to make an assessment of?

Options
Risk
Profit
Market
Competitors

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Income Tax Laws & Practices (VVN)
1. What are the differences between Excise duty and Customs duty?
2 . What is Tax Deduction at Source? Explain with examples?
3 . What is Advance Payment of Tax? Why people pay taxes in advance?
4 . Critically describe the advantages and disadvanages of VAT?
5 . Descrie with examples the various incomes available
6 . Take imaginary figures and describe how the tax liability of an individual is calculated?
7 . Differenciate between revenue expenditure an dcapital expenditure?
8 . The followings are the details relating to Mr. Siddharth for the PY 2012-13. Compute income fromother sources: (i). Income from agriculture in Pakistan Rs. 5000 (ii). Interest on Post Office Savings bank Rs. 1000, (iii). Dividend from foreign company Rs. 700 (iv). Dividend from indian Company (v). Rent from subletting house Rs. 1000 and (v). Winning from lottery (Net) Rs. 14,000.

Economic Survey
The Economic Survey of India said that the government should refrain from raising exemption limits on income tax to facilitate natural growth of individual earnings and widen the taxpayers’ base, even as it also suggested increasing property tax.
The Economic Survey 2015-16, tabled in Parliament on Friday, also called for a review and phasing out of the tax exemption raj that benefited the richer private sector and a “reasonable” taxation for better-off individuals. A cross-country comparison shows that India currently has the lowest number of taxpayers, it said, adding that nearly 85 per cent of the economy still remains outside the tax net.
“Just 5.5 per cent of earning individuals are in the tax net and the ratio should be raised to a desirable estimate of about 23 per cent,” it said. Making a study of the data since Independence, the Survey said that the exemption thresholds have been raised much more rapidly than underlying income growth resulting in a widening of wedge between average income and threshold limit.
“One of the low hanging fruit would be to refrain from raising exemption thresholds for the personal income tax, allowing natural growth in income to increase the number of taxpayers. In some ways, this would be reform through inaction,” the Survey said. It said that subsidies amounting to Rs. 1 lakh crore paid to well-off need to be scaled back. Also tax exemptions raj which often amount to redistribution toward the richer private sector will also need to be reviewed and phased out.
“Reasonable taxation of the better-off, regardless of where they got their income from — industry, services, real estate or agriculture — will also help build legitimacy,” the Survey added. It also suggested that property taxation needs to be developed as sparse systematic data on property taxation shows how little attention has been given to this tax.
“Property taxes are especially desirable because they are progressive, buoyant and difficult to evade, since they are imposed on a non-mobile good which can be relatively easily identified,” it said.
Making a case for “higher property tax rates”, the Economic Survey said it would put sand in the wheels of property speculation.
“Smart cities require smart public finance and a sound property taxation regime is vital to India’s urban future,” the Survey added.
It said India has not fully translated its democratic vigour into commensurately strong fiscal capacity. “In long run, if India is to stay ‘on the line’ as its per capita income grows, it will need to build fiscal capacity.”

The Survey also said the government’s spending priorities must include essential services that all citizens consume: public infrastructure, law and order, less pollution and congestion. It said the state should prioritise on reducing corruption and government’s effort to improve transparency through transparent and efficient auctioning of public assets will help create legitimacy and over time strengthen fiscal capacity. The Survey said economic development in India lags political development.
“Independent India has averted famines, but chronic malnutrition is still a challenge. The Indian state can organise mega events, but routine safety for women has turned out to be more difficult to achieve. The Indian state responds effectively to floods and tsunamis but finds water and power metering more challenging,” it added.
1. What the case is all about? Provide the brief summary of the key issues discussed?
2. Do you really think that the India’s recent economic survey is against raising income tax exemption limits?
3. What has been said about property tax?

Question No. 1
Income-tax is an annual tax on ……………………..

Options
Royality
Income
charity
Commission

Question No. 2
Previous year belongs t which section.

Options
Section 3 a
Section 3
Section 3 b
Section 3 d

Question No. 3
Deemed profits chargeable to tax under section 41 or section……………

Options
57
58
59
60
Question No. 4
HUF stands for ……….. Undivided Family.

Options
Horizon
Homogeneous
Hindu
Hetrogeneous
Question No. 5
Receipts which are recurring by nature and which are available for meeting all day to day expenses of a business concern are known as ……………………receipts”

Options
Financial
Certain
Capital
Revenue
uestion No. 6
Liability of investor which is limited to the extent of his investment is called…………… liability.

Options
Fixed
Limited
Certain
Liabile
Question No. 7
In specific cases, income tax (and other taxes) may be levied at a fixed rate instead of the rates usually applicable are known as …………. Rates.

Options
Lump-Sum
Specific Tax
Liable
Fixed
Question No. 8
Employee’s Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act came in force in which year.

Options
1951
1952
1977
1971
Question No. 9
LTC is a non-taxable perquisite available for ……………… class.

Options
Poor
Rich
Salaried
Business
Question No. 10
Capital receipts are shown in the Balance Sheet on the ……………….. side.

Options
Above
Below
Asset
Liability
Question No. 11
Winnings from lotteries, races etc. are taxable under the head “Income from other sources”.

Options
TRUE
FALSE
Sometimes
Can’t Say
Question No. 12
Wealth tax is to be rounded off to nearest multiple of…….

Options
1
10
100
1000
Question No. 13
Tax is to be rounded off to nearest multiple of ………

Options
Ten
Hundred
Rupee
Thousand
Question No. 14
Year in which income is earned is known as……………………. Year.

Options
Annual
Taxable
Assessment
Previous
uestion No. 15
Aggregate amount of deduction under section 80C, 80CCC and 80CCD cannot exceed:

Options
150000
100000
200000
250000
uestion No. 16
LLC stands for limited liability ……………..

Options
Corporation
Company
Console
Centre
Question No. 17
Tax and/or accounting convention under which the value of assets/liabilities is adjusted to reflect fair market value of a specific date.

Options
conventional tax rate
Sovereign Rate
Mark to market
Managerial
Question No. 18
………… is an increase in the price of something, especially from the price a trader pays for something to the price he sells it for.

Options
Column-down
Column-up
Mark-down
Mark-up
Question No. 19
Tax on mortgages usually in the form of a stamp duty levied on the mortgage document.

Options
Mortage tax
Document Tax
Implied tax
Annual Tax
Question No. 20
A lack of due care or failure to do what a reasonable and ordinarily prudent person would do under the given circumstances.

Options
Accounting Fraud
Negligence
Accounting Mistake
Fraud
Question No. 21
Obligation to persuade a court or other entity of the validity of a factual assertion.

Options
Branch Tax
Statutiory Tax
Burden of Proof
Compliance Tax
Question No. 22
A tax imposed on an act, occupation, privilege, manufacture, sale, or consumption.

Options
Sales
Excise
Income Tax
IPR tax
Question No. 23
Any 12-month period which is set for accounting purpose of an enterprise is ……………… year.

Options
Fiscal
Previous
Assessment
Monetary
Question No. 24
A risk-management strategy to balance positions of different business units or with unrelated third parties is called ……………… hedging.

Options
Liberal
Expatriate
Foreign
Global
Question No. 25
The period following the due date of taxes during which legal action for recovery of delinquent taxes will not be instituted and interest will not commence to run is ………………. Period.

Options
Flexible
Grace
Advanced
Extended
Question No. 26
Reserves which are not disclosed on the balance sheet of an enterprise, either by overvaluing debts or undervaluing assets are called…………… reserves.

Options
Fixed
Hidden
Flexible
Statutory
Question No. 27
A tax applied at the same rate to all levels of income is …………. Tax.

Options
Straight Line
Flat Tax
Forward
Fixed Tax
Question No. 28
Ratio of gross profit to the sales of a business or, alternatively, to the adjusted purchases or “goods consumed” during the accounting period is …………….. Ratio.

Options
Liquidity Profit
Gross Profit
Net profit
Actual Profit
Question No. 29
Financial instrument which has the characteristic of more than one type of instrument is ……………….. Derivative.

Options
Mixed
Impure
Hybrid
Uncertain
Question No. 30
Amount of money received by persons or entities as compensation for damages or for losses incurred.

Options
Deflamation
Indemnification
Income Shifting
Income Spliting
Question No. 31
Real property or personal property that is received by heirs.

Options
Solely
Benefited
Gifted
Inheritance
Question No. 32
A transaction among parties, each of whom acts in his or her own best interest is called …………….. Transaction.

Options
Arm’s Length
Attributable
Auxilary
Pending
Question No. 33
Environment tax is commonly called as……………… tax.

Options
Green
Eco
Forest
White
Question No. 34
Rule under which one is precluded and forbidden by law to speak against his own act or deed.

Options
Pestel
Escort
Estoppel
onograph
Question No. 35
Restriction of the amount of a particular foreign currency that can be bought or sold

Options
Exchange Control
Forex Control
Forex Reserve
Restriction
Question No. 36
DTA stands for double tax ……………….

Options
Arbitrage
Autonomy
Authorisation
Agreement
Question No. 37
Income or compensation derived from personal services in an employment, trade, business, profession or vocation is called ………….. Income.

Options
Compensatory Income
Personal Income
Earned
Vocational Income
Question No. 38
Amount by which the face value of a debt obligation exceeds its issue or selling price.

Options
Discount
offer
Subsidy
Rebate
Question No. 39
Cost identified with a particular transaction, such as raw materials, components and goods, wages and other processing expenses.

Options
Indirect Cost
Fixed Cost
Variable Cost
None of these
Question No. 40
OECD stands for Organization for Economic Co-operation and ……………………….

Options
Development
Delinqued
Depressed Economies
Disagreement
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Computers In Management (VVN)
1 . List the different output devices.
2 . What is the purpose of ALU in CPU?
3 . What is application software? What are its uses?
4 . With the help of a block diagram, explain the basic organization of a computer system.
5 . Explain operating system in brief. What are the responsibilities of an operating system?
6 . Why is security and privacy an important issue in Information Systems?
7 . Explain how use of the Internet has affected the way organizations operate.
8 . List any five secondary storage devices / memory.

Case Detail :
Amazon is an online retailer and electronic commerce company allowing customers to purchase products from various sellers.

1. Does e-commerce only refer to sale of goods? What all does e-commerce refer to?
2. Which are the areas where e-commerce is not suitable? Why?
3. Describe the various methods of payment available to online consumers?

Question No. 1
Which of the following memories needs refreshing?

Options
SRAM
DRAM
ROM
All of above
Question No. 2
Which is not a computer classification?

Options
Mainframe
Maxframe
Mini
Notebook
Question No. 3
An integrated circuit is

Options
A complicated circuit
An integrating device
Much costlier than a single transistor
Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip
Question No. 4
A hybrid computer

Options
Resembles digital computer
Resembles analogue computer
Resembles both a digital and analogue computer
None of the above
Question No. 5
Which of the following is not purely output device?

Options
Screen
Printer
Speaker
Plotter
Question No. 6
A high quality CAD system uses the following for printing drawing and graphs

Options
Dot matrix printer
Digital plotter
Line printer
All of the above
Question No. 7
One millisecond is

Options
1 second
10th of a second
1000th of a second
10000th of a second
Question No. 8
The BIOS is the abbreviation of

Options
Basic Input Output System
Best Input Output System
Basic Input Output Science
Best Input Output Science
Question No. 9
An online backing storage system capable of storing larger quantities of data is

Options
CPU
Memory
Cloud Storage
Secondary Storage
Question No. 10
Which of the following is problem oriented language?

Options
High level language
Machine language
Assembly language
Low level language
Question No. 11
The internet is

Options
Network of networks
Website
Host
Server
Question No. 12
URL means ________.

Options
Address of the resource on the web
Term used to describe the website
Term used to get online program
None of these
Question No. 13
Operating system, editors, and debuggers comes under?

Options
System Software
Application Software
Utilities
None of the above
Question No. 14
Which of the following are (is) considered to be video component?

Options
Resolution
Color depth
Refresh rate
All of the above
Question No. 15
Which of the following is internal memory?

Options
Disks
Pen Drives
RAM
CDs
Question No. 16
The basic operations performed by a computer are

Options
Arithmetic operation
Logical operation
Storage and relative
All of the above
Question No. 17
The process of a computer receiving information from a server on the Internet is known as

Options
Pulling
Pushing
Downloading
Transferring
Question No. 18
What is the full form of WAN?

Options
WAP Area Network
Wide Area Network
Wide Array of Network
Wireless Access Network
Question No. 19
What is the first stage in software development?

Options
Specification and design
Testing
System Analysis
Maintenance
Question No. 20
_________ is the process of carrying out commands.

Options
Fetching
Storing
Executing
Decoding
Question No. 21
Properly arranged data is called

Options
Field
Words
Information
File
Question No. 22
Before a disk can be used to store data. It must be

Options
Formatted
Reformatted
Addressed
None of the above
Question No. 23
Any type of storage that is used for holding information between steps in its processing is

Options
CPU
Primary storage
Intermediate storage
Internal storage
Question No. 24
Internet is owned by ________.

Options
Asian countries
European countries
Nobody owns the internet
US Government
Question No. 25
VGA is

Options
Video Graphics Array
Visual Graphics Array
Volatile Graphics Array
Video Graphics Adapter
Question No. 26
Which output device is used for translating information from a computer into pictorial form on paper.

Options
Mouse
Plotter
Touch panel
Card punch
Question No. 27
What is meant by a dedicated computer?

Options
Which is used by one person only
Which is assigned one and only one task
Which uses one kind of software
Which is meant for application software
Question No. 28
MICR stands for

Options
Magnetic Ink Character Reader
Magnetic Ink Code Reader
Magnetic Ink Cases Reader
None
Question No. 29
A common boundary between two systems is called

Options
Interdiction
Interface
Surface
None of the above
Question No. 30
Network Connecting Several networks is called as _________.

Options
Social network
ARPA net
Internet
Intranet
Question No. 31
The personnel who deals with the computer and its management put together are called

Options
Software
Humanware
Firmware
Hardware
Question No. 32
A dumb terminal has

Options
An embedded microprocessor
Extensive memory
Independent processing capability
A keyboard and screen
Question No. 33
Programs designed to perform specific tasks is known as

Options
System software
Application software
Utility programs
Operating system
Question No. 34
A computer cannot ‘boot’ if it does not have the

Options
Compiler
Loader
Operating System
Assembler
Question No. 35
In computer terminology ‘CAD’ stands for

Options
Computer and Design
Acomputer Algorithm in Design
Computer Aided Design
None of the above
Question No. 36
Which of the following is valid Website Address ?

Options
c4learn@.com
www.c4learn
ww#.c4learn.com
www.c4learn.com
Question No. 37
A physical connection between the microprocessor memory and other parts of the microcomputer is known as

Options
Path
Address bus
Route
All of the above
Question No. 38
Software which allows user to view the webpage is called as __________.

Options
Operating System
Internet browser
Interpreter
Website
Question No. 39
Storage capacity of magnetic disk depends on

Options
Tracks per inch of surface
Bits per inch of tracks
Disk pack in disk surface
All of the above
Question No. 40
Whenever crawler crawls the website then any page not having a link is called as ________.

Options
Dead end page
Absolute page
Home page
Doorway page

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Visual Merchandising & Space Planning (VVN)
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1 . Discuss Different types of Store Locations
2 . Define Visual Merchanidising.
3 . Why do we Display (Customers Perspective).
4 . Discuss role of Store Exteriors in success of retail store.
5 . How a story in promoted in window display?

Case Detail :
A Category Manager asked the Pricing Team to run different “what if” scenarios for a category considered very key to overall price image. The goal? To improve unit movement while protecting margin and staying competitively focused. After pre-analysis on shopper demand patterns, Big Y ran several likely scenarios across different picing zones. After confirming the forecasts achieved goals for individual key items within the category as well as for the category as a whole, they selected the strategy that accomplished the category’s role best. Big Y selected a group of reports from the Performance Intelligence report catalog to monitor results and validate forecasts. These reports provide on the fly flexibility enabling the data they need to monitor and make modifications in response to changing conditions.

1. Retailer plan various tems for its success discuss
2. Retailer Wishes to become
3. Big Y selected which team to work on

1. Marketing concept address the four P’s: Product, Price, Promotion & ————-
Place
Prestige
Presentation
Progress
2. A group of garments designed for a specific season.
Classic
Collection
Buying
Apparels
3. Any paid message in the media used to increase sales.
Advertising
Shopping
Buying
Interview
4. The business of buying fashion merchandise from a variety of resources and reselling it to ultimate consumers—————–
Wholesalers
Fashion retailing
Marketing
Merchandising
5. Prediction of fashion trend.—————
Fashion forecasting
Marketing
Advertisement
Sale test
6. The difference between the cost price and selling price.
MRP
Mark UP
Profit Price
CP
7. A price lower than the original wholesale price————–.
CP
Price
Off Price
Low Price
8. Is the process of market & trend research, merchandising, design and development of the final product.
Product development
Marketing
Forecasting
Research
9. HAS the responsibility for merchandise content and assortment
Store Line
Market Line
Buying Line
Shopping Line
10. Expand DMMs.—————–
Divisional Merchandise Manager
Department of Merchandise Management
Division of Market Management
Department of Market Management
11. Expand MIS.——————
Merchandising Information System
Market Information System
Management Information System
Merchandise Introducing System
12. A merchandise——————is a collection of various styles, quantities and prices related merchandise, usually grouped under one classification within a department.
Parts
Assortment
Segmentation
Market
13. The difference between actual stock and planned stock equals ————– the value of planned purchases
open to buy
sales to stogle
end of each month balance
open stock
14. Expand OTB—————
Open-to –buy
Open- to – balance
Off- balance
Out of table budget
15. Analysis shows the relationship between fixed costs variable or marginal costs, total cost, sales revenue and output or volume.
Cost plus
Break even
Break down
MRP
16. is any particular characteristic as look in apparel as accessories.
Style
Change
Tosle
acceptance
17. IS defined as “generally one or more letters worked into some distinctive typographic designs”.
Symbol
Sign
LOGO
Degisn
18. Included bags, books, gift wraps, tissue papers and another form of material used to hold the target markets purchases.
Polypacks
Gift
Packaging
Holders
19. A ———————– is an information log generated by the onamfactures and attached to the product
Hangers
Loopers
Hangtags
Posters
20. A —————– store operators on a low price margin
Dealers
Supermarkets
Discounters
Speciality
21. Set a low price to stimulate customer traffic
Discount pricing
Low rate
High price
Price range
22. Design prices to encourage customers to purchase a newly introduced product
Discount pricing
Product pricing
Promotional pricing
Market pricing
23. is a classification of consumers based on activites, interst and opinions.
Psychographics
Demographic
Sociographic
Antrhropoligical
24. is where profit is expressed as a percentage of the sale price.
Break-down
Break-up
Markdown
Markup
25. The customer perceives the value of the product to the worth the price.
Cost oriented pricing
Volume-based pricing
Promotional price
Discount pricing
26. Market———-pricing occurs when the products initial price is set low.
Penetrating pricing
Skimming price
Psychological price
Discount price
27. The types of discount pricing strategies are popular in the fashion industry 1)——————— 2) Seasonal discount
Value discount
Quantity discount
High discount
Discount sale
28. Discount is provided when merchandise is purchased in bundles or multiple units
Quantity
Quality
Cost Price
Rate
29. A ———————- discount is used to sell merchandise that is out of season
Seasonal
Quantity
Style
Time
30. occurs when pricing is used as the basis to make consumers “feel more favourable” about a product
Value based pricing
Discount pricing
Membership pricing
Psychological pricing
31. is an assessment of market segment option, the competition, the marketing environment and major trends
Marketing analysis
Market rating
Forcasting
Valuations
32. will slowly rise in popularity only to suffer an abrupt decline as they become adopted
Classic
Style
Trend
Fad
33. is the study of changes in the rose and make up of the population
Demographic
Psychographic
Population
Statistics
34. involves ses of detailed question that are asked to determeine the status of a firm in relation to its objectives, sustomers, competition and marketing environment
Marketing segment
Marketing audits
Market research
Market survey
35. Describes the specific combination of marketing variables, the four P’s
Marketing rise
Market study
Market variables
Marketing
36. are places for buying and selling
Markets
Shops
Store
Margin Free
37. is where profit is expressed as a percentage of costs.
Mark up
Break up
Break down
Break even
38. Expand MFA ————————
Multi fibre Agreement
Multiple fabric agents
Mass Fibre Arrangement
Multi Fabric Allotment
39. is anything that can be offered in the market place that might satisfy a need
Product
Prize
Offer
Discount
40. is the assortment of fashion products that a company offers for sale at any point in time.
Fashion
Collection
Product range
Gevels
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Retail & Mall Management (VVN)
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1 . Location is a critical factor in the success of a retail Store comment
2 . Discuss Franchises mode of Retail Distribution.
Answer:
Franchising is the practice of the right to use a firm’s business model and brand for a prescribed period of time. The word “franchise” is of Anglo-French derivation—from franc, meaning free—and is used both as a noun and as a (transitive) verb. For the franchisor, the franchise is an alternative to building “chain stores” to distribute goods that avoids the investments and liability of a chain. The franchisor’s success depends on the success of the franchisees. The franchisee is said to have a greater incentive than a direct employee because they have a direct stake in the business.
Thirty-three countries—including the United States and Australia—have laws that explicitly regulate franchising, with the majority of all other countries having laws which have a direct or indirect impact on franchising. Franchising is also used as a foreign market entry mode.
Fees and contract arrangement
Three important payments are made to a franchisor:
(a) a royalty for the trademark,
(b) reimbursement for the training and advisory services given to the franchisee, and
(c) a percentage of the individual business unit’s sales.
These three fees may be combined in a single ‘management’ fee. A fee for “disclosure” is separate and is always a “front-end fee”.
A franchise usually lasts for a fixed time period (broken down into shorter periods, which each require renewal), and serves a specific territory or geographical area surrounding its location. One franchisee may manage several such locations. Agreements typically last from five to thirty years, with premature cancellations or terminations of most contracts bearing serious consequences for franchisees. A franchise is merely a temporary business investment involving renting or leasing an opportunity, not the purchase of a business for the purpose of ownership. It is classified as a wasting asset due to the finite term of the license.

Franchise fees are on average 6.7% with an additional average marketing fee of 2% However, not all franchise opportunities are the same and many franchise organizations are pioneering new models that challenge antiquated structures and redefine success for the organization as well as the franchisee.
A franchise can be exclusive, non-exclusive or “sole and exclusive”.
Although franchisor revenues and profit may be listed in a franchise disclosure document (FDD), no laws require an estimate of franchisee profitability, which depends on how intensively the franchisee “works” the franchise. Therefore, franchisor fees are typically based on “gross revenue from sales” and not on profits realized. See remuneration.
Various tangibles and intangibles such as national or international advertising, training and other support services are commonly made available by the franchisor.
Franchise brokers help franchisors find appropriate franchisees. There are also main ‘master franchisors’ who obtain the rights to sub-franchise in a territory.
According to the International Franchise Association approximately 44% of all businesses in the United States are franchisee-worked.

India
The franchising of goods and services foreign to India is in its infancy. The first International Exhibition was only held in 2009. India is, however, one of the biggest franchising markets because of its large middle-class of 300 million who are not reticent about spending and because the population is entrepreneurial in character. In a highly diversified society, (see Demographics of India) McDonald’s is a success story despite its fare’s differing from that of the rest of the world.
So far, franchise agreements are covered under two standard commercial laws: the Contract Act 1872 and the Specific Relief Act 1963, which provide for both specific enforcement of covenants in a contract and remedies in the form of damages for breach of contract.
Type of franchises:
1. Social franchises
In recent years, the idea of franchising has been picked up by the social enterprise sector, which hopes to simplify and expedite the process of setting up new businesses. A number of business ideas, such as soap making, wholefood retailing, aquarium maintenance, and hotel operation have been identified as suitable for adoption by social firms employing disabled and disadvantaged people.

The most successful examples are probably the Kringwinkel second-hand shops employing 5,000 people in Flanders, franchised by KOMOSIE, the CAP Markets, a steadily growing chain of 100 neighbourhood supermarkets in Germany and the Hotel Tritone in Trieste, which inspired the Le Mat social franchise, now active in Italy and Sweden.
Social franchising also refers to a technique used by governments and aid donors to provide essential clinical health services in the developing world.
Social Franchise Enterprises objective is to achieve development goals by creating self sustainable activities by providing services and goods in un-served areas. They use the Franchise Model characteristics to deliver Capacity Building, Access to Market and Access to Credit/Finance.

2. Third party logistics franchising
Third party logistics has become an increasingly more popular franchise opportunity due the quickly growing transportation industry and low cost franchising. In 2012, Inc. Magazine ranked three logistics and transportation companies in the top 100 fastest growing companies in the annual Inc. 5000 rankings.

3. Event franchising
Event franchising is the duplication of public events in other geographical areas, retaining the original brand (logo), mission, concept and format of the event. As in classic franchising, event franchising is built on precisely copying successful events. An example of event franchising is the World Economic Forum, also known as the Davos forum, which has regional event franchisees in China, Latin America, etc. Likewise, the alter-globalist World Social Forum has launched many national events. When The Music Stops is an example of an events franchise in the UK, in this case, running speed dating and singles events.

4. Home-based franchises
The franchising or duplication of another firm’s successful home-based business model is referred to as a home-based franchise. Home-based franchises are becoming popular as they are considered to be an easy way to start a business as they may provide a low barrier for entry into entrepreneurship. It may cost little to start a home-based franchise, but experts say that “the work is no less hard.” According to America’s Best Franchises, there are many benefits to choosing to become a home-based franchisee, “but having a home based business doesn’t offer any guarantees as you will encounter many challenges you’ll have to learn to overcome.
3 . Retail store are now a days operates on same steps discuss.
4 . How timings are important in the sucesess of Convenience Store.
5 . Discuss various stages involve in mall Design.
Simple steps to achieve an Efficient Design:
The Right Advice

We would all agree that Shopping center design is a learning curve, similar to any other aspect of Retail. In most cases it is very difficult to get everything right the first time. Therefore, considering the multiple complexities involved it is most advisable to appoint an “Shopping Mall Specialist” This Shopping Mall Specialist brings in, in depth knowledge, expertise, understanding & experience in various aspects of running a shopping center. In simple words one could say that these people have become experts by the sheer virtue of the number of mistakes made by them & more importantly by learning from their mistakes. This expert could either be an individual or a group of people generally from the background of Operations & Leasing experts, Design Architects etc. with in depth understanding of the Mall Mechanics. The objective of having such experts is that they can bring in a clear thought process and can handhold the entire development from the initial concept stages, till the Mall opening. The practice of appointing expert Mall Advisors is very common practice in the west & this trend is fast catching up in India. Most of the successful Malls in the country today, have & been guided by such experts. Beyond Squarefeet is the leading Mall Advisory in india by size, by team, by topline, by projects, etc.
The various services offered by such Mall Advisors may range from handholding the Market Research and Survey, Mall positioning, Concept development & Retail Circulation Planning, Zoning, tenant mix, Leasing, Fit-Out Management, etc. In the initial Design Phase, such an Mall Advisor can help in identifying the concept, selecting the right architect for the project, providing expert advice on retail planning, zoning, customer circulation, Wow factors to be incorporated in design etc. Infact, such Mall Advisors / Shopping Mall Specialists should be on board, even before you initiate dialogue/hire an architect.
Clarity in Concept

It is very crucial to have the right concept worked out for the Mall. There are various factors on the basis of which a Concept is based i.e. Market Study / Market Survey, Customer expectations, Demographics, Geographic Conditions, size of the Land parcel, whether the Mall is part of a larger Mixed use development or whether it is stand alone etc. All these factors & the data from the research play a very important part in identifying the Mall Concept, interpretation of this data collation, can for itself pave the way for Design direction, Mall size, Positioning etc. Once the Basic concept is identified and frozen, it is important that this Mall vision is shared with all the stakeholders of the Mall Design including the architect.
In simple words, once the Developer has identified the concept for their dream project, it is important that this dream is shared with all the concerned Design partners a Mall Advisors so that they are then completely in sync with what the developer’s expectations are.
The most important stakeholder in terms of Design of the Mall is undoubtedly the Architect as he/ she is the custodian of the Design; therefore it is very critical that this Mall vision is shared with the Design Architect. The appropriate method of sharing this vision & the expectations from the design is through a document commonly known as the ‘Design Brief to Architect’. The ownership of making of this ‘Design Brief to Architect to the Architect lies with the Developer’s or the Retail Mall Advisor – incase appointed.
Choosing the Right Architect

As the Mall culture in India had been inspired from the West, also considering that till a few years back, Mall development was a very new activity in the country. It was very natural for developers to appoint International architects who have the experience of designing Malls.

Even now, for most Developers, this decision is always a confusing one; whether they should appoint international architects, which is the trend set by the Leading Mall developers OR whether they should hire a renowned Indian architect to entirely design the project, which would attract & convince the local consumer about the development & instill confidence in him to lease space.

Which ever may be the case, what is most important is that the Architect who has been assigned for the job, should not only have an in depth understanding & knowledge of Retail Architecture but should have a hands on approach & a grasp also of the local market trends, shopping habits etc.

Utmost importance & emphasis should be given to choosing the right Architect, as he is one of the primary stakeholders from start to completion.

Once appointed, the architect should invest enough time to understand the requirements of the concept & efficiently work towards it. It is necessary that the Architect is provided a proper Design brief & then onwards, it is the Architects responsibility to adhere to the design brief given to him/ her and Design the structure as per it.
Design Brief to Architect

Generally when the Design of a Mall fails, more often then not, the Architect is held responsible for this down fall. This may be true to an extent however; at the same time it is essential to understand that the Architect’s design can only be, functionally – as good or as bad, as the Design Brief given to him. Therefore, it is very important that the correct brief is given to the Architect and his team, as this is the first & most critical touch point in the Mall Design process. The ‘Brief to Architect’ should be clear, simple & easy to understand, all the Requirements & expectations from the design should be clearly listed down. This ‘Brief to the Architect’ has to be properly documented & presented to the architect who will work on the project and should be created by the Shopping Mall Specialist.
The intent of this document should be to provide an in depth understanding of the Developers vision for the Mall in terms of Design expectations & requirements from a retail perspective, which would in turn assist them in designing the Shopping Mall in tandem with the Developers vision/ findings from a market research etc. This ‘Brief to Architect’ is intended to help the architects, consultants, Mall Advisors, developers to create the project in the manner conceptualized & agreed, also ensure that the Mall’s Design is in harmony with the market demand & the consumer expectations.
This ‘Brief to Architect’ generally consists of various phases, based on the study of several influencing factors including market visit, developer’s expectations & inputs, customer’s expectations, market environment, business potential, competitive analysis etc. The end result is intended not only to define the characteristics of the mall, but also to become a guiding force to plan, execute & implement the project.
A Design ‘Brief to Architect’ which is based on the Market research & its findings can help the Architect to align his Design appropriately with the consumer expectations, for example a market research of a small town in Punjab may categorically show that the consumer is very well travelled, aware of & exposed to the malls especially in a nearby Metro city and many have even visited Malls outside India or have family which are based there. Therefore this knowledgeable consumer has to be kept in mind, while creating a mall, which will not only change his shopping, habits but will also upgrade his lifestyle in general.

6 . Give Characterstics of Good Mall Design.
Answer:
Most Malls in India have been designed outside – in, which means that the elevation of the mall has been given too much of importance than the actual mall inside. Today, we have so many malls opening in the country, but at the same time, there are only a very few who are able to sustain the treacherous path of retail. Many of these malls are either closing or dying at the same pace. One of the primary reasons for the decline of the mall is the improper Design & Planning. The Design & Planning of a mall is the foundation & spine of the structure, and it is one of the single most important contributing factors. A Malls design has to be custom made, to suit the specific retail needs. The developer has to have a clear thought process & vision of what he wishes to make & for whom. A Mall has to be planned, designed and built like a Mall from start to end. Any ambiguity in the mind of the developer or absence of clarity would spell disaster. One should not refrain from taking professional help in this context.

Five ingredients of successful mall design
1. Use design to engrain the “Wow!” factor into the mall’s brand.
2. Expand common spaces to create more points of convergence and grandeur.
3. Add “live/work” to give purpose to malls.
4. Don’t count on retail or anchors alone to drive traffic.
5. Close the dreaded Digital Divide.
Characteristics of Good Mall Design are as follows:
1. Good infrastructure is an important characteristic of good mall design. Infrastructure may include, Parking Requirement, Entry & Exit points, Security requirements, Service yard requirements, service corridors & passages, service staircases, garbage rooms requirement etc. Services requirements such as Air conditioning, Lighting Ambience, Electrical planning etc. may be elaborated.
2. Outside designed should be impressive, which means that the elevation of the mall has been given importance. Look & feel or exterior finishes of the Mall.
3. Foundation & spine of the structure, is one of the single most important contributing factors.
4. A Malls design has to be custom made, to suit the specific retail needs
5. The developer has to have a clear thought process & vision of what he wishes to make & for whom.
6. A Mall has to be planned, designed and built like a Mall from start to end.
7. A Mall can be called efficient when it connects with the customer through the various touch points, whether the entry into the premises thorough pedestrian entry or entry to car park, proper & ample parking, easy connectivity from parking to Mall level etc.

7 . What is Healthy Tenant Mix.
8 . What prerequisites for Lease Agreement.

Case Detail :
The use of technology in the retailing environment has created a massive change in expectations about how customers expect to shop in the future. Organisations which adapt to this different focus are going to be the ones that have an influence in the future. This case study focuses on how Dixons Group plc has built on the power of its existing brands and created new brands to strengthen its market position.
If some of the largest and most successful retailing organisations of twenty years ago were to be compared with those of today, the results would be surprising. They would reveal numerous examples of success, failure or transition over this short time period. Theory shows that organisations go through periods of evolution followed by revolution. The retailing industry is about to embark upon the most radical process of change within its recent history. Organisations that do not prepare for this process – and this may include many famous high street names – may not be around for much longer. Dixons Group specialises in the sale of high technology consumer electronics such as domestic appliances, personal computers, photographic equipment, communications products and related financial and after sales service.
1. Technology in the retailing environment has created a massive Change discuss
2. Failure over short time period is a temporary Phenomenon how retailers gets success in long term
3. Dixons Group specialises in the sale of what category of products

1. Selling, renting, and providing goods consumers for household use are
wholesaling
B retailing
facilitating
logistics
2. Utilities offered to consumers are
convenience, performance, possession, and form
time, place, possession, and form
product, price, place, and promotion.
convenience, consistency, competition, and choice
3. Major retail categories in India are
automotive, food stores, and clothing
floral, food stores, and furniture
jewelry, furniture, and clothing
appliance, food stores, and furniture
4. Contractual Retail, Independent store, corporate chains, are examples of outlets classified by
level of service
form of ownership
method of operation
revenue generated
5. Common ownership with many stores are — form of ownership?
corporate chain
consumer cooperative
administered system
contractual system.
6. Consumer perform high level of functions,
Exclusive service
Self-service
Limited service
Full service
7. Department stores typically provide services as?
Exclusive service
Minimal service
Self-service
Full service
8. Direct mail, telemarketing, and in-home shopping
Dual channel marketing
Scrambled merchandising
Multi-service merchandising
Non-store retailing
9. When Top management reserve right of decision
Owner-manager system
Professional manager system
Centralized structure
Decentralized structure
10. Owners are fully Invove in..
Butcher shop
Motel
Coin-operated laundromat
Movie theatre
11. Information Technology does not invove in SCM when..
Performance measurement and reporting
Supply chain restructuring
Collaboration and coordination
Decision support for supply chain planning
12. Overall strategy is
Growth
Stability
Market share
Return on investment
13. New types of retail locations
Drive-thru windows and kiosks
Carts, kiosks, and wall units
Carts, booth and drive-thru windows
Retail counter, kiosks, and booths
14. NOT a commonly used method of classifying retail outlets?
revenue generated
merchandise line
form of ownership
level of service
15. Construction Material Supplier, and Catelouge Store provide level of retail service?
full-service
limited service
self-service
customized service
16. Nonstore retailing has maximum People involvement ?
automatic vending
telemarketing
direct selling
online retailing
17. Store location, distribution centres, warehousing, and transportation are all part of _____
physical distribution
logistics
services
communications
18. Off-price retailing is also being done as ?
single price retailers
value-retail centres
factory outlet stores
all of the above
19. Entrepreneurs becomes their own boss in retailing when?
franchise
corporate chain
corporate proprietorship
independent retailer
20. Store need to have information for serving customers on
Past data on customer demand.
supply lead time.
delivery and shipping locations.
store inventory level, customer demand data & supply lead time
21. Store which only carries limited product line is classified as
Specialty stores
department store
discount store
super store
22. Dominoz, Pizza Hut, KFC are examples of
Corporate chain
voluntary chain
retailer cooperative
franchise
23. When Seller engaged in Cash n Carry activity
Retailer
franchise cooperative
conglomerate
wholesaler
24. Wholesaleer does not involve in
Production
selling and promotion
buying and assortment buildin
bulk breaking
25. Consumer -retailer- wholesaler – producer is a…
New type of channel
A retro channel
A traditional channel
Normal Channel
26. Retailer changes the format to fullfill requirment of
Wholesalers
Producers
Consumers
Tax payers
27. Hypermarket operations are
Easy
Moderate
Complex
None of these
28. Independent retailer runs his business with
Partners
Professionals
Few locals/ family members
None
29. Corporate retail chain opertes as
Franchise
Chain retailer
Independent retailer
None
30. Specialty stores operates with
Producers
Competitors
Target market
Both (a) and (b)
31. When a Departmental Store tagets multiple Audience
Multiple segmentation
Market segmentation
Mass marketing
Target marketing
32. During ressesion Sale for– will be least effective
Nike Sports
Sony TV
Travel & Tour
Baked Beans
33. Retailers are most interst in—-of consumers
Consumer Credit
Wealth
Disposable Income
High Income
34. Money left after Tax, puchasing Basic Nedds is
Disposable income
Credit
accounting income
Discretionatry Income
35. Few retailers have —competition
Oligopoly
Monopoly
Mixed Competition
Perfect Competition
36. Retailers agree to buy from each other
loyal purchase
stright rebuy
modified rebuy
reciprocity agreement
37. Merchandise in stores are
a physical object
service
every thing a recieves in an exchange
None
38. Retail brand is an element of
core product
actual product
augmented product
expected product
39. Multi Brand produts of same category are
Product mix width
product mix consistency
product mix depth
Market item width
40. Product mix Width measured by
dimention in product line
eatures in each brand
items in product line
lines a company offers
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Retail Branding & CRM (VVN)

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1 . Retail Branding is a contineous excersise Comment
2 . How a Celebrity Endorsment increases retial popularity?
3 . The Customers Informstion is Key to retailer Success Comment.
4 . Location of retail store decides about its targated Customer Segments how?
5 . Operating effeciency of retail store are key measure for the success or failure of a retail store comment.
6 . Retail merchandise effects its customers liking ness for revising retail store comment.
7 . CRM is the key to success of a reatil chain discuss.
8 . Continuous Improvement in product quality helps retailer in building customers faith discuss.

Case Detail :
Retailing industry is the “cash counter” for all the companies. More so for FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) companies. How in the world some one can explain Wal-Mart continuing to be one of the top-five Fortune 500 companies in the world? What does Wal-Mart manufacture? It manufactures world-class service utility. A typical google search for retailing would yield millions of results underscoring the importance of retailing. The other global retailers such as TESCO, Aldi, Target, Metro, GAP, etc have created new business platforms with their unique and sustaining business models.
Retailing in India, mostly unorganized got a boost in the mid-90s with many Indian companies taking the organized route. Leading the pack is Future Group’s (headed by Kishore Biyani) Big Bazaar, Pantaloons, home town, etc. Following the success of these multi-location stores, other Indian conglomerates have started operating several Pan-India retail outlets. While Reliance Industries (led by Mukesh Ambani) has panned out Reliance Fresh outlets, Birla Group (headed by Kumar Mangalam Birla) had been operating ‘MORE’ retail outlets throughout the country.

Please give your answer in at least 25 words and press save and continue button.

S. No. Questions
1. Futture Group Brands are successful give its details

Save and Continue
2. Discuss new format adopted by Big corporate houses

Save and Continue
3. Discuss Organized retail formats and their mode of operation

1. Straight Arm is an example of
Interior closed display
Interior open display
Exterior closed display
Exterior open display
2. Fog Scent would be classified as
Specialty goods
Shopping goods
Convenience goods
None of the above
3. Wall Fixtures are
Discourage shoplifting
Streamline stock keeping and maintenance
Encourage self-service
All of the above
4. Popular Brand should be which of the following
Brief
Easy to remember
Catchy
All of the above
5. Customers take References from groups refer to…
One person that influences consumers
A group of people that influences consumers to buy
A company that references
A and B
6. Shoppers decides about produts to be purchased when
The way a they discusses a situation
The way a they looks at perplexing problems
The way a they views the world
A and B
7. Supply Chian partnetrs are
Paths of distribution
Ways of buying goods
The paths products take from wholesaler to consumer
A and C
8. Consumer is one who:
Buys products from retailers for personal use
Buys products and sells them to kids
Sells products from a retail store
All of the above
9. During Transaction from Suppliers to retailers, Products are handeled by
Shipper
Interpreter
Entrepreneur
Intermediary
10. Big Bazar Types of Stores are Known as
Discount Outlets
On-line discounters
Producers
Retailers
11. Foreign goods purchased in own country comes via
Exporting
Deporting
Transfer
Importing
12. Shoppers decide for buying goods by suing their self are…..
Skills
Attitudes
Special Qualities
A and B
13. Marketing Students study Consumer Behaviour are
The steps that consumers go through in deciding what to buy
What motivates and influences consumers to buy
How and why consumers respond to different programs and strategies
All of the above
14. Consumer buying behaviour follows steps as ….
Problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, making the purchase, re-evaluating the purchase
Problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, making the purchase
Problem recognition, information search, making the purchase, re-evaluating the purchase
None of the above
15. Cognititive dissonance is found in which section of the consumer buying process?
Problem recognition
Information search
Evaluation of alternatives
Making the purchase
16. Movement of Goods from Supplier to counsumer is known as..
Stream of Products
Channels of Distribution
Flow of Goods
All of the above
17. OEM produces for the first time produced…
Consumer
Designer
Producer
All of the above
18. Seller who sells Natural Products with any alteration are
Extractor
Farmer
Excavator
Remover
19. Suppliers are also known as
Distribution channels
Retailers
Consumers
Middlemen
20. When retailer follow a long channel of distribution are
New type of channel
A retro channel
traditional channel
Normal Channel
21. Following one option is not involved in the consumer buying process
Problem recognition
Making the purchase
Distribution
Information search
22. Traditional barter system is
A system of trade that involves an exchange of goods and services for money
A system of exchange of money for goods and services
A system of trade that involves an exchange of goods and services of others
All of the above
23. Selling Niche Marketing means
Selling products that are non-specific
Targeting a wide-variety of people
Personalized products targeting narrow groups of people
None of the above
24. In free enterprise system
The government has no control
The government guides and oversees
The government controls everything
None of the above
25. Consumers Demographics refers as
Money consumers are willing to spend
Numerical facts about a population
Numerical facts about sales
None of the above
26. Highest level of brand loyalty is
Brand preference
Brand recognition
Brand insistence
A and b
27. Lowest form of brand loyalty
Brand preference
Brand recognition
Brand insistence
C and d
28. An low quality Mobile Phone is in which stage of PLC
Maturity
Growth
Introduction
Decline
29. Latest Configured Phone would be in which stage of PLC
Introduction
Growth
Maturity
Decline
30. Consumers respond selectively to Adavertisements is ..
Broad selection
Attitudes and views
Selective perception
All of the above
31. Wholesaling does not include which of the following services
Market research
Selling
Promotion
Distribution
32. Marketers plans their Marketing Efforts are
Test market
Target market
Retailers market
Marketable people
33. An architectural display is
Strictly for architects
A display that has been specifically constructed to suit a particular display need.
Ideal for presenting major items related to the home
Both b and c
34. Examples of exterior displays are
Storefront sign and gondola shelving
Table displays and dump displays
Display windows and sidewalk displays
Both b and c
35. Visula Merchandise involves ..
Create simple and effective displays
Design from the customer’s point of view
Maintain displays
All of the above
36. Dump display is
A large board, usually outdoors, on which advertisements are placed
A display of odds and ends, clearance for sale piled into baskets
A display of goods for sale on a wall ledge, escalator housing, ceiling support pillar, or otherwise wasted space, often used for seasonal displays
None of the above
37. Displays are made Purposefully for..
Catch a customer’s attention
Encourage customer’s to brows and examine merchandise
Allow employees quick visual control of merchandise
All of the above
38. Displays are useually follows …
Interior and exterior
Open and closed
Open and interior
Closed and exterior
39. “Visual merchandising” means
A desire that can be satisfied after basic needs are met
An effective display of goods that appeals to the customer’s senses, primarily sight
A term referring to all the business activities involved in buying, selling, and controlling so goods and services can be transferred to the ultimate consumer
A person who recommends another person to a potential employer
40. While Planning Display ——-
Plan your work, work your plan
Work your plan, plan your work
Sometimes a plan is not necessary
None of the above

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