Amity BBA 6 Sem System Analysis & Design
Q1. Suppose you are given a relation R= (A, B, C, D, E) with the following functional
Dependencies: {BC! ADE, D! B}.
a. Find all candidate keys.
b. Identify the best normal form that R satisfies (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, or BCNF).
c. If the relation is not in BCNF, decompose it until it becomes BCNF. At each step, identify a new relation, decompose and re-compute the keys and the normal forms they satisfy.
Q2. Differentiate between Decision Support System (DSS) and Expert System. Also, write the main characteristics of both.
Q3. List principles of system design. Also, differentiate between Top-down and Bottom-up design with the help of a suitable example.
Q4. Write a short note on any three of the following.
a) Data Flow Diagram
b) Transaction Processing System
c) Role of a system analyst
d) WaterFall Model
e) E.R.Diagram
Q5. What are various types of maintenance?
Q6. Define the term “Data Dictionary”. What is the need for a Data Dictionary?
Q7. What is meant by “Feasibility Study”? Discuss its importance in system development
Q8. What do your understand by normalization. And also explain advantages and disadvantages of normalizations.
Case Detail :
Read the case study given below and answer the questions given at the end
System Installation
A rug manufacturer and importer wanted to have his own computer and run applications away from the parent company’s mainframe. A computer consultant (with no knowledge of the rug business) did a feasibility study. He recommended a system with which he had design experience.
The firm leased the system and signed a contract with the consultant to do the installation and training. The consultants brought in two programmers and a data base specialist to convert the files and train personnel. For weeks, everyone was busy with what was bound to be a successful system.
As a first step, the company decided to compare the reports generated by the new system with those available from the main computer. The procedure was to run invoices first, followed by accounts receivable and payable. The first inventory reports seemed way out of line with reality. Both the format of the reports and the data were off. The few invoices sent out brought hostile complaints from customers who were overcharged for their orders. Further attempts to correct the errors only generated more inaccuracies. The company decided to go back to the old system and cancel the whole project.
The matter ended up in court with the consultant demanding the balance due him on the project. The company filed a counter suit claiming irreparable damage to the firm. An investigation discovered that despite management’s lack of experience with computers, they decided to convert three major applications at the same time. The employees, not having been forewarned of the conversion, panicked. Prior to the computer, they had undocumented methods of invoicing, keeping track of inventory, and billing procedures that the consultant never knew of or inquired about. To make matters worse, he did not even know that the parent company’s warehouse system had a terminal that used the mainframe to update inventory.
System testing was also a disaster. Only real data were used. The resulting output was so unwieldy that no one could audit or verify its accuracy until it was too late. With no interface between the system being tested and the mainframe, there was no way the files could be copied. The consultant decided to go ahead with the incoming data only and to worry later about copying the files on the mainframe.
Documentation and audit procedures were virtually nonexistent. No one seemed to know who changed what. There was no way of telling whether errors were caused by the software or by incorrectly entered data.
The contract was well written. It simply committed the consultant to install a computer system and the company to pay the consultant $75 per hour plus out-of-pocket expenses. The consultant never really knew what the company wanted, and the company had no work with the consultant. The employees stayed out of the ways, since they had not been consulted and were not knowledgeable about computers. The programmers, in their opinions, were simply obnoxious. Another consultant who came in to evaluate the mess thought the whole installation was primitive and lacked state-of-the-art software.
Q1. What went wrong in this case? Be specific.
Q2. Elaborate on the importance of a computer contract. What elements would you have emphasized in the contract? Why?
Q3. Does a contract save an installation from failure? In what way? What testing procedure should have been followed? Explain.
1. Requirement specification is carried out—
2. The role of a system analyst drawing up a requirements specification is similar to—
3. It is necessary to consult the following while drawing up requirement specification-
4. In order to understand the working of an organization for which a computer based system is being designed, an analyst must—
5. A feasibility study is carried out—
6. Hardware study is required—
7. Feasibility study is carried out by—
8. Initial requirements specification is—
9. The primary objective of system design is to—
10. System test plan is specified—
11. System design is carried out—
12. The primary objective of system implementation is—
(i) To build a system prototype
(ii) To train users to operate the system
(iii) To implement designed system using computers
(iv) Write programs, create databases and test with live data
13. The main objective of system evaluation is—
14. A data dictionary has consolidated list of data contained in —
(i) Data flows
(ii) data stores
(iii) data outputs
(iv) processes
15. System analysts have to interact with—
(i) Managers of organizations
(ii) Users in the organization
(iii) Programming team
(iv) Data entry operator
16. Systems analyst should use software tools in their work as—
17. During feasibility analysis it is necessary to examine several alternative solutions because
(i) A comparison of alternatives will lead to a cost-effective solution
(ii)A pre-conceived single solution may turn out to be un-implementable
(iii) It is always good to examine alternatives
(iv) Management normally looks at alternatives
18. The primary responsibility of a systems analyst is to—
19. The responsibilities of a system analyst include—
(i) Defining and prioritizing information requirement of an organization
(ii) Gathering data, facts and opinions of users in an organization
(iii) Drawing up specifications of the system for an organization
(iv) Designing and evaluating the system
20. The intangible benefits in the following list are —
(i) Savings due to reducing investment
(ii) Savings due to sending bills faster and consequent early collection
(iii) Providing better service to the customers
(iv) Improving quality of company’s products
21. In a DFD external entities are represented by a—
22. A data flow can—
23. The most important attribute of a systems analyst is—
24. Data inputs which required coding are—
25. An entity is—
26. A relationship is—
27. A cost-benefit analysis is performed to assess—
28. Among the attributes of a systems analyst the following are most important—
(i) Knowledge of computer systems and currently available hardware
(ii) Good interpersonal relations
(iii) Broad knowledge about various organizations
(iv) Very good accountancy knowledge
29. A rectangle in a DFD represents—
30. The entity set is a—
31. Attributes are— (i) Properties of relationship (ii) Attributed to entities (iii) Properties of members of an entity set
32. Rows of a relation are called—
33. If an entity appears in N relationships then it is—
34. Normalization is a process of restructuring a relation to—
35. Normalization of database is essential to— (i) Avoid accidental deletion of required data when some data is deleted (ii) Eliminate inconsistencies when a data item is modified in the database (iii) Allows storage of data in a computer’s disk (iv) Use a database management system
36. A relation is said to be in 1NF if—
37. By redundancy in a file based system we mean that—
38. Data integrity in a file based system may be lost because—
39. Given the following relation—
40. The main objective of feasibility study is :-
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